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authorSuzane Sant Ana <tetestonaldo@gmail.com>2017-12-31 14:27:06 -0200
committerGitHub <noreply@github.com>2017-12-31 14:27:06 -0200
commit42f9329bb3a028d374d6397991ac48b44064741e (patch)
tree1e75e2b3e122aeb863e3ffa037f6f64c4027fbf8 /edn.html.markdown
parente6b77595f2669d66ac7be43c6e6083cbff80a9a7 (diff)
parent70a36c9bd970b928adde06afb2bd69f6ba8e5d5c (diff)
Merge pull request #1 from adambard/master
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+---
+language: edn
+filename: learnedn.edn
+contributors:
+ - ["Jason Yeo", "https://github.com/jsyeo"]
+ - ["Jonathan D Johnston", "https://github.com/jdjohnston"]
+---
+
+Extensible Data Notation (EDN) is a format for serializing data.
+
+EDN is a subset of the syntax used by Clojure. Reading data defined by EDN is
+safer than that defined by the full Clojure syntax, especially from untrusted
+sources. EDN is restricted to data, no code. It is similar in intent to JSON.
+Though it is more commonly used in Clojure, there are implementations of EDN
+for many other languages.
+
+The main benefit of EDN over JSON and YAML is that it is extensible. We
+will see how it is extended later on.
+
+```clojure
+; Comments start with a semicolon.
+; Anything after the semicolon is ignored.
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;;; Basic Types ;;;
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+
+nil ; also known in other languages as null
+
+; Booleans
+true
+false
+
+; Strings are enclosed in double quotes
+"hungarian breakfast"
+"farmer's cheesy omelette"
+
+; Characters are preceded by backslashes
+\g \r \a \c \e
+
+; Keywords start with a colon. They behave like enums. Kind of
+; like symbols in Ruby.
+:eggs
+:cheese
+:olives
+
+; Symbols are used to represent identifiers.
+; You can namespace symbols by using /. Whatever precedes / is
+; the namespace of the symbol.
+spoon
+kitchen/spoon ; not the same as spoon
+kitchen/fork
+github/fork ; you can't eat with this
+
+; Integers and floats
+42
+3.14159
+
+; Lists are sequences of values
+(:bun :beef-patty 9 "yum!")
+
+; Vectors allow random access
+[:gelato 1 2 -2]
+
+; Maps are associative data structures that associate the key with its value
+{:eggs 2
+ :lemon-juice 3.5
+ :butter 1}
+
+; You're not restricted to using keywords as keys
+{[1 2 3 4] "tell the people what she wore",
+ [5 6 7 8] "the more you see the more you hate"}
+
+; You may use commas for readability. They are treated as whitespace.
+
+; Sets are collections that contain unique elements.
+#{:a :b 88 "huat"}
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;;; Tagged Elements ;;;
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+
+; EDN can be extended by tagging elements with # symbols.
+
+#MyYelpClone/MenuItem {:name "eggs-benedict" :rating 10}
+
+; Let me explain this with a Clojure example. Suppose I want to transform that
+; piece of EDN into a MenuItem record.
+
+(defrecord MenuItem [name rating])
+
+; defrecord defined, among other things, map->MenuItem which will take a map
+; of field names (as keywords) to values and generate a user.MenuItem record
+
+; To transform EDN to Clojure values, I will need to use the built-in EDN
+; reader, clojure.edn/read-string
+
+(clojure.edn/read-string "{:eggs 2 :butter 1 :flour 5}")
+; -> {:eggs 2 :butter 1 :flour 5}
+
+; To transform tagged elements, pass to clojure.edn/read-string an option map
+; with a :readers map that maps tag symbols to data-reader functions, like so
+
+(clojure.edn/read-string
+ {:readers {'MyYelpClone/MenuItem map->MenuItem}}
+ "#MyYelpClone/MenuItem {:name \"eggs-benedict\" :rating 10}")
+; -> #user.MenuItem{:name "eggs-benedict", :rating 10}
+
+```
+
+# References
+
+- [EDN spec](https://github.com/edn-format/edn)
+- [Implementations](https://github.com/edn-format/edn/wiki/Implementations)
+- [Tagged Elements](http://www.compoundtheory.com/clojure-edn-walkthrough/)