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authorHorseMD <alightedness@gmail.com>2014-11-13 23:49:06 +0000
committerHorseMD <alightedness@gmail.com>2014-11-13 23:49:06 +0000
commite4229c618bfc5ad4c0ed1939322e698eb45546c8 (patch)
tree83b96ba156ff06a997bb763ce9c11a7e1646fa93 /forth.html.markdown
parent00d03a4cbee3fc87c54b03a2a7d25b82c84ac2ef (diff)
Add a 'returns' comment for every line of Forth.
Diffstat (limited to 'forth.html.markdown')
-rw-r--r--forth.html.markdown48
1 files changed, 24 insertions, 24 deletions
diff --git a/forth.html.markdown b/forth.html.markdown
index c60b8d67..5ffdfbfc 100644
--- a/forth.html.markdown
+++ b/forth.html.markdown
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Forth, but most of what is written here should work elsewhere.
3 dup - \ duplicate the top item (1st now equals 2nd): 3 - 3
2 5 swap / \ swap the top with the second element: 5 / 2
-6 4 5 rot .s \ rotate the top 3 elements: 4 5 6 ok
+6 4 5 rot .s \ rotate the top 3 elements: 4 5 6
4 0 drop 2 / \ remove the top item (dont print to screen): 4 / 2
\ ---------------------- More Advanced Stack Manipulation ----------------------
@@ -103,9 +103,9 @@ myloop
\ Hello!
\ Hello! ok
-\ `do` expects two numbers on the stack: the end number and the index number:
+\ `do` expects two numbers on the stack: the end number and the index number.
-\ Get the value of the index as we loop with `i`:
+\ We can get the value of the index as we loop with `i`:
: one-to-12 ( -- ) 12 0 do i . loop ; \ ok
one-to-12 \ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ok
: squares ( -- ) 10 0 do i DUP * . loop ; \ ok
@@ -116,49 +116,49 @@ squares \ 0 1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64 81 ok
threes \ 0 3 6 9 12 ok
\ Finally, while loops with `begin` <stuff to do> <flag> `unil`:
-: death ( -- ) begin ." Are we there yet?" 0 until ;
+: death ( -- ) begin ." Are we there yet?" 0 until ; \ ok
\ ---------------------------- Variables and Memory ----------------------------
\ Use `variable` to declare `age` to be a variable.
-variable age
+variable age \ ok
\ Then we write 21 to age with the word `!`.
-21 age !
+21 age ! \ ok
\ Finally we can print our variable using the "read" word `@`, which adds the
\ value to the stack, or use `?` that reads and prints it in one go.
-age @ . \ 12 ok
-age ? \ 12 ok
+age @ . \ 12 ok
+age ? \ 12 ok
\ Constants are quite simiar, except we don't bother with memory addresses:
-100 constant WATER-BOILING-POINT \ ok
-WATER-BOILING-POINT . \ 100 ok
+100 constant WATER-BOILING-POINT \ ok
+WATER-BOILING-POINT . \ 100 ok
\ ----------------------------------- Arrays -----------------------------------
\ Set up an array of length 3:
-variable mynumbers 2 cells allot
+variable mynumbers 2 cells allot \ ok
\ Initialize all the values to 0
-mynumbers 3 cells erase
+mynumbers 3 cells erase \ ok
\ (alternatively we could do `0 fill` instead of `erase`, but as we're setting
\ them to 0 we just use `erase`).
\ or we can just skip all the above and initialize with specific values:
-create mynumbers 64 , 9001 , 1337 , \ the last `,` is important!
+create mynumbers 64 , 9001 , 1337 , \ ok (the last `,` is important!)
\ ...which is equivalent to:
\ [64, 9001, 1337]
-64 mynumbers 0 cells + !
-9001 mynumbers 1 cells + !
-1337 mynumbers 2 cells + !
+64 mynumbers 0 cells + ! \ ok
+9001 mynumbers 1 cells + ! \ ok
+1337 mynumbers 2 cells + ! \ ok
\ Reading values at certain array indexes:
-0 cells mynumbers + ? \ 64 ok
-1 cells mynumbers + ? \ 9001 ok
-2 cells mynumbers + ? \ 1337 ok
+0 cells mynumbers + ? \ 64 ok
+1 cells mynumbers + ? \ 9001 ok
+2 cells mynumbers + ? \ 1337 ok
\ Of course, you'll probably want to define your own words to manipulate arrays:
: ?mynumbers ( n -- n ) cells mynumbers + ; \ ok
@@ -172,10 +172,10 @@ create mynumbers 64 , 9001 , 1337 , \ the last `,` is important!
\ We've already seen one use of it: `i`, which duplicates the top of the return
\ stack. `i` is equivalent to `r@`.
-: myloop ( -- ) 5 0 do r@ . loop ;
+: myloop ( -- ) 5 0 do r@ . loop ; \ ok
\ As well as reading, we can add to the return stack and remove from it:
-5 6 4 >r swap r> .s \ 6 5 4
+5 6 4 >r swap r> .s \ 6 5 4 ok
\ NOTE: Because Forth uses the return stack for word pointers, it's essential
\ that you set the return stack back to how it was at the end of your
@@ -188,9 +188,9 @@ create mynumbers 64 , 9001 , 1337 , \ the last `,` is important!
8.3e 0.8e f+ f. \ 9.1 ok
\ Usually we simply prepend words with 'f' when dealing with floats:
-variable myfloatingvar \ ok
-4.4e myfloatingvar f! \ ok
-myfloatingvar f@ f. \ 4.4 ok
+variable myfloatingvar \ ok
+4.4e myfloatingvar f! \ ok
+myfloatingvar f@ f. \ 4.4 ok
\ --------------------------------- Final Notes --------------------------------