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+---
+category: tool
+tool: messagepack
+filename: learnmessagepack.mpac
+contributors:
+  - ["Gabriel Chuan", "https://github.com/gczh"]
+---
+
+MessagePack is an efficient binary serialization format. It lets you exchange data among multiple languages like JSON. The benefits over other formats is that it's faster and smaller. 
+
+In MessagePack, small integers are encoded into a single byte, and typical short strings require only one extra byte in addition to the strings themselves. This makes MessagePack useful for efficient transmission over wire.
+
+```
+
+# 0. Understanding The Structure ====
+
+JSON, 40 Bytes UTF-8
+	
+----------------------------------------------
+| {"name":"John Doe","age":12}		         |
+----------------------------------------------
+|  {"         | 7B 22                        |
+|    name     | 6E 61 6D 65                  |
+|  ":"        | 22 3A 22                     |
+|    John Doe | 4A 6F 68 6E 20 44 6F 65      |
+|  ","        | 22 2C 22                     |
+|    age      | 61 67 65                     |
+|  ":         | 22 3A 20                     |
+|    12       | 31 32                        |
+|  }          | 7D                           |
+----------------------------------------------
+
+
+MessagePack, 27 Bytes UTF-8
+	
+----------------------------------------------
+| ‚¤name¨John Doe£age.12                     |
+----------------------------------------------
+|  ‚¤         | 82 84                        |
+|    name     | 6E 61 6D 65                  |
+|  ¨          | A8                           |
+|    John Doe | 4A 6F 68 6E 20 44 6F 65      |
+|  £          | A3                           |
+|    age      | 61 67 65                     |
+|  .          | 0C                           |
+|    12       | 31 32                        |
+----------------------------------------------
+
+# 1. JAVA ====
+
+""" Installing with Maven
+"""
+
+<dependencies>
+  ...
+  <dependency>
+    <groupId>org.msgpack</groupId>
+    <artifactId>msgpack</artifactId>
+    <version>${msgpack.version}</version>
+  </dependency>
+  ...
+</dependencies>
+
+
+""" Simple Serialization/Deserialization
+"""
+
+// Create serialize objects.
+List<String> src = new ArrayList<String>();
+src.add("msgpack");
+src.add("kumofs");
+
+MessagePack msgpack = new MessagePack();
+// Serialize
+byte[] raw = msgpack.write(src);
+
+// Deserialize directly using a template
+List<String> dst1 = msgpack.read(raw, Templates.tList(Templates.TString));
+System.out.println(dst1.get(0));
+System.out.println(dst1.get(1));
+
+// Or, Deserialze to Value then convert type.
+Value dynamic = msgpack.read(raw);
+List<String> dst2 = new Converter(dynamic)
+    .read(Templates.tList(Templates.TString));
+System.out.println(dst2.get(0));
+System.out.println(dst2.get(1));
+
+
+# 2. RUBY ====
+
+""" Installing the Gem
+"""
+
+gem install msgpack
+
+""" Streaming API
+"""
+
+# serialize a 2-element array [e1, e2]
+pk = MessagePack::Packer.new(io)
+pk.write_array_header(2).write(e1).write(e2).flush
+
+# deserialize objects from an IO
+u = MessagePack::Unpacker.new(io)
+u.each { |obj| ... }
+
+# event-driven deserialization
+def on_read(data)
+  @u ||= MessagePack::Unpacker.new
+  @u.feed_each(data) { |obj| ... }
+end
+
+# 3. NODE.JS ====
+
+""" Installing with NPM
+"""
+
+npm install msgpack5 --save
+
+""" Using in Node
+"""
+
+var msgpack = require('msgpack5')() // namespace our extensions
+  , a       = new MyType(2, 'a')
+  , encode  = msgpack.encode
+  , decode  = msgpack.decode
+
+msgpack.register(0x42, MyType, mytipeEncode, mytipeDecode)
+
+console.log(encode({ 'hello': 'world' }).toString('hex'))
+// 81a568656c6c6fa5776f726c64
+console.log(decode(encode({ 'hello': 'world' })))
+// { hello: 'world' }
+console.log(encode(a).toString('hex'))
+// d5426161
+console.log(decode(encode(a)) instanceof MyType)
+// true
+console.log(decode(encode(a)))
+// { value: 'a', size: 2 }
+
+function MyType(size, value) {
+  this.value = value
+  this.size  = size
+}
+
+function mytipeEncode(obj) {
+  var buf = new Buffer(obj.size)
+  buf.fill(obj.value)
+  return buf
+}
+
+function mytipeDecode(data) {
+  var result = new MyType(data.length, data.toString('utf8', 0, 1))
+    , i
+
+  for (i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
+    if (data.readUInt8(0) != data.readUInt8(i)) {
+      throw new Error('should all be the same')
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result
+}
+
+```
+
+
+# References
+
+- [MessagePack](http://msgpack.org/index.html)
+- [MsgPack vs. JSON: Cut your client-server exchange traffic by 50% with one line of code](http://indiegamr.com/cut-your-data-exchange-traffic-by-up-to-50-with-one-line-of-code-msgpack-vs-json/)