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authorKristin Linn <klinn@upenn.edu>2015-10-20 16:26:35 -0400
committerKristin Linn <klinn@upenn.edu>2015-10-20 16:26:35 -0400
commit396e6f5d9708f827512c4699240f72477366ff76 (patch)
treed63b41a4d91ea80c594574c48fc6416d6fd9a538 /neat.html.markdown
parent11aab085d656b79482e92a05acbbac81125bfb78 (diff)
parent5fb5dd7c7fd7670faca6b8cfff9ef1ffdbd65c0d (diff)
Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/adambard/learnxinyminutes-docs
Diffstat (limited to 'neat.html.markdown')
-rw-r--r--neat.html.markdown28
1 files changed, 14 insertions, 14 deletions
diff --git a/neat.html.markdown b/neat.html.markdown
index e99d1e0e..f02461ee 100644
--- a/neat.html.markdown
+++ b/neat.html.markdown
@@ -47,18 +47,18 @@ void main(string[] args) {
// There are no one-value tuples though.
// So you can always use () in the mathematical sense.
// (string) arg; <- is an error
-
+
/*
byte: 8 bit signed integer
char: 8 bit UTF-8 byte component.
short: 16 bit signed integer
int: 32 bit signed integer
long: 64 bit signed integer
-
+
float: 32 bit floating point
double: 64 bit floating point
real: biggest native size floating point (80 bit on x86).
-
+
bool: true or false
*/
int a = 5;
@@ -139,14 +139,14 @@ void main(string[] args) {
assert !(hewo is s);
// same as
assert (hewo !is s);
-
+
// Allocate arrays using "new array length"
int[] integers = new int[] 10;
assert(integers.length == 10);
assert(integers[0] == 0); // zero is default initializer
integers = integers ~ 5; // This allocates a new array!
assert(integers.length == 11);
-
+
// This is an appender array.
// Instead of (length, pointer), it tracks (capacity, length, pointer).
// When you append to it, it will use the free capacity if it can.
@@ -156,13 +156,13 @@ void main(string[] args) {
appender ~= 2;
appender ~= 3;
appender.free(); // same as {mem.free(appender.ptr); appender = null;}
-
+
// Scope variables are automatically freed at the end of the current scope.
scope int[auto~] someOtherAppender;
// This is the same as:
int[auto~] someOtherAppender2;
onExit { someOtherAppender2.free; }
-
+
// You can do a C for loop too
// - but why would you want to?
for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) { }
@@ -178,23 +178,23 @@ void main(string[] args) {
assert(i == 5);
break; // otherwise we'd go back up to do {
}
-
+
// This is a nested function.
// Nested functions can access the surrounding function.
string returnS() { return s; }
writeln returnS();
-
+
// Take the address of a function using &
// The type of a global function is ReturnType function(ParameterTypeTuple).
void function() foop = &foo;
-
+
// Similarly, the type of a nested function is ReturnType delegate(ParameterTypeTuple).
string delegate() returnSp = &returnS;
writeln returnSp();
// Class member functions and struct member functions also fit into delegate variables.
// In general, delegates are functions that carry an additional context pointer.
// ("fat pointers" in C)
-
+
// Allocate a "snapshot" with "new delegate".
// Snapshots are not closures! I used to call them closures too,
// but then my Haskell-using friends yelled at me so I had to stop.
@@ -232,8 +232,8 @@ void main(string[] args) {
auto nestfun = λ() { } // There is NO semicolon needed here!
// "}" can always substitute for "};".
// This provides syntactic consistency with built-in statements.
-
-
+
+
// This is a class.
// Note: almost all elements of Neat can be used on the module level
// or just as well inside a function.
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ void main(string[] args) {
E e = E:cd; // dynamic class cast!
e.doE();
writeln "$e"; // all interfaces convert to Object implicitly.
-
+
// Templates!
// Templates are parameterized namespaces, taking a type as a parameter.
template Templ(T) {