diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | csharp.html.markdown | 93 |
1 files changed, 81 insertions, 12 deletions
diff --git a/csharp.html.markdown b/csharp.html.markdown index 0cef8f05..55de415d 100644 --- a/csharp.html.markdown +++ b/csharp.html.markdown @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ language: c# contributors: - ["Irfan Charania", "https://github.com/irfancharania"] + - ["Max Yankov", "https://github.com/golergka"] filename: LearnCSharp.cs --- @@ -402,7 +403,25 @@ namespace Learning private int _speed; // Private: Only accessible from within the class protected int gear; // Protected: Accessible from the class and subclasses internal int wheels; // Internal: Accessible from within the assembly - string name; // default: Only accessible from within this class + string name; // Everything is private by default: Only accessible from within this class + + // Enum is a value type that consists of a set of named constants + public enum Brand + { + AIST, + BMC, + Electra, + Gitane + } + // We defined this type inside a Bicycle class, so it is a nested type + // Code outside of this class should reference this type as Bicycle.Brand + + public Brand brand; // After declaing an enum type, we can declare the field of this type + + // Static members belong to the type itself rather then specific object. + static public int bicyclesCreated = 0; + // You can access them without a reference to any object: + // Console.WriteLine("Bicycles created: " + Bicycle.bicyclesCreated); // readonly values are set at run time // they can only be assigned upon declaration or in a constructor @@ -410,27 +429,30 @@ namespace Learning // Constructors are a way of creating classes // This is a default constructor - public Bicycle() + private Bicycle() { gear = 1; cadence = 50; _speed = 5; name = "Bontrager"; + brand = Brand.AIST; + bicyclesCreated++; } // This is a specified constructor (it contains arguments) public Bicycle(int startCadence, int startSpeed, int startGear, - string name, bool hasCardsInSpokes) + string name, bool hasCardsInSpokes, Brand brand) { this.gear = startGear; // "this" keyword denotes the current object this.cadence = startCadence; this._speed = startSpeed; this.name = name; // it can be useful when there's a name conflict this.hasCardsInSpokes = hasCardsInSpokes; + this.brand = brand; } // Constructors can be chained - public Bicycle(int startCadence, int startSpeed) : + public Bicycle(int startCadence, int startSpeed, Brand brand) : this(startCadence, startSpeed, 0, "big wheels", true) { } @@ -443,29 +465,30 @@ namespace Learning // Method declaration syntax: // <scope> <return type> <method name>(<args>) - public int getCadence() + public int GetCadence() { return cadence; } // void methods require no return statement - public void setCadence(int newValue) + public void SetCadence(int newValue) { cadence = newValue; } // virtual keyword indicates this method can be overridden - public virtual void setGear(int newValue) + public virtual void SetGear(int newValue) { gear = newValue; } - public void speedUp(int increment) + // Method parameters can have defaut values. In this case, methods can be called with these parameters omitted + public void SpeedUp(int increment = 1) { _speed += increment; } - public void slowDown(int decrement) + public void SlowDown(int decrement = 1) { _speed -= decrement; } @@ -500,6 +523,14 @@ namespace Learning "\n------------------------------\n" ; } + + // Methods can also be static. It can be useful for helper methods + public static bool DidWeCreateEnoughBycles() + { + // Within a static method, we only can reference static class memebers + return bicyclesCreated > 9000; + } // If your class only needs static members, consider marking the class itself as static. + } // end class Bicycle // PennyFarthing is a subclass of Bicycle @@ -514,10 +545,47 @@ namespace Learning { } - public override void setGear(int gear) + public override void SetGear(int gear) { gear = 0; } + + public override string ToString() + { + string result = "PennyFarthing bicycle "; + result += base.ToString(); // Calling the base version of the method + return reuslt; + } + } + + // Interfaces only contain signatures of the members, without the implementation. + interface IJumpable + { + void Jump(int meters); // all interface members are implicitly public + } + + interface IBreakable + { + bool Broken { get; } // interfaces can contain properties as well as methods, fields & events + } + + // Class can inherit only one other class, but can implement any amount of interfaces + class MountainBike : Bicycle, IJumpable, IBreakable + { + int damage = 0; + + public void Jump(int meters) + { + damage += meters; + } + + public void Broken + { + get + { + return damage > 100; + } + } } } // End Namespace @@ -525,10 +593,11 @@ namespace Learning ## Topics Not Covered - * Enums, Flags + * Flags * Attributes * Generics (T), Delegates, Func, Actions, lambda expressions - * Exceptions, Interfaces, Abstraction + * Static properties + * Exceptions, Abstraction * LINQ * ASP.NET (Web Forms/MVC/WebMatrix) * Winforms |