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-rw-r--r--c.html.markdown9
-rw-r--r--chapel.html.markdown4
-rw-r--r--edn.html.markdown108
-rw-r--r--fr-fr/livescript-fr.html.markdown2
-rw-r--r--fsharp.html.markdown6
-rw-r--r--hu-hu/coffeescript-hu.html.markdown106
-rw-r--r--java.html.markdown66
-rw-r--r--javascript.html.markdown4
-rw-r--r--matlab.html.markdown4
-rw-r--r--python.html.markdown12
-rw-r--r--ru-ru/clojure-ru.html.markdown2
-rw-r--r--ru-ru/php-ru.html.markdown2
-rw-r--r--zh-cn/haskell-cn.html.markdown6
-rw-r--r--zh-cn/java-cn.html.markdown2
14 files changed, 303 insertions, 30 deletions
diff --git a/c.html.markdown b/c.html.markdown
index 3d632eab..7c2386ef 100644
--- a/c.html.markdown
+++ b/c.html.markdown
@@ -148,15 +148,10 @@ int main (int argc, char** argv)
printf("Enter the array size: "); // ask the user for an array size
int size;
fscanf(stdin, "%d", &size);
- char buf[size];
- fgets(buf, sizeof buf, stdin);
-
- // strtoul parses a string to an unsigned integer
- size_t size2 = strtoul(buf, NULL, 10);
- int var_length_array[size2]; // declare the VLA
+ int var_length_array[size]; // declare the VLA
printf("sizeof array = %zu\n", sizeof var_length_array);
- // A possible outcome of this program may be:
+ // Example:
// > Enter the array size: 10
// > sizeof array = 40
diff --git a/chapel.html.markdown b/chapel.html.markdown
index 7252a3e4..866e92d2 100644
--- a/chapel.html.markdown
+++ b/chapel.html.markdown
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ for (i, j) in zip( toThisArray.domain, -100..#5 ){
}
writeln( toThisArray );
-// This is all very important in undestanding why the statement
+// This is all very important in understanding why the statement
// var iterArray : [1..10] int = [ i in 1..10 ] if ( i % 2 == 1 ) then j;
// exhibits a runtime error.
// Even though the domain of the array and the loop-expression are
@@ -914,7 +914,7 @@ proc main(){
[ val in myBigArray ] val = 1 / val; // Parallel operation
// Atomic variables, common to many languages, are ones whose operations
- // occur uninterupted. Multiple threads can both modify atomic variables
+ // occur uninterrupted. Multiple threads can both modify atomic variables
// and can know that their values are safe.
// Chapel atomic variables can be of type bool, int, uint, and real.
var uranium: atomic int;
diff --git a/edn.html.markdown b/edn.html.markdown
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..655c20f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/edn.html.markdown
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+---
+language: edn
+filename: learnedn.edn
+contributors:
+ - ["Jason Yeo", "https://github.com/jsyeo"]
+---
+
+Extensible Data Notation or EDN for short is a format for serializing data.
+
+The notation is used internally by Clojure to represent programs and it also
+used as a data transfer format like JSON. Though it is more commonly used in
+Clojure land, there are implementations of EDN for many other languages.
+
+The main benefit of EDN over JSON and YAML is that it is extensible, which we
+will see how it is extended later on.
+
+```Clojure
+; Comments start with a semicolon.
+; Anythng after the semicolon is ignored.
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;;; Basic Types ;;;
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+
+nil ; also known in other languages as null
+
+; Booleans
+true
+false
+
+; Strings are enclosed in double quotes
+"hungarian breakfast"
+"farmer's cheesy omelette"
+
+; Characters are preceeded by backslashes
+\g \r \a \c \e
+
+; Keywords start with a colon. They behave like enums. Kind of
+; like symbols in Ruby.
+:eggs
+:cheese
+:olives
+
+; Symbols are used to represent identifiers. They start with #.
+; You can namespace symbols by using /. Whatever preceeds / is
+; the namespace of the name.
+#spoon
+#kitchen/spoon ; not the same as #spoon
+#kitchen/fork
+#github/fork ; you can't eat with this
+
+; Integers and floats
+42
+3.14159
+
+; Lists are sequences of values
+(:bun :beef-patty 9 "yum!")
+
+; Vectors allow random access
+[:gelato 1 2 -2]
+
+; Maps are associative data structures that associates the key with its value
+{:eggs 2
+ :lemon-juice 3.5
+ :butter 1}
+
+; You're not restricted to using keywords as keys
+{[1 2 3 4] "tell the people what she wore",
+ [5 6 7 8] "the more you see the more you hate"}
+
+; You may use commas for readability. They are treated as whitespaces.
+
+; Sets are collections that contain unique elements.
+#{:a :b 88 "huat"}
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+;;; Tagged Elements ;;;
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+
+; EDN can be extended by tagging elements with # symbols.
+
+#MyYelpClone/MenuItem {:name "eggs-benedict" :rating 10}
+
+; Let me explain this with a clojure example. Suppose I want to transform that
+; piece of edn into a MenuItem record.
+
+(defrecord MenuItem [name rating])
+
+; To transform edn to clojure values, I will need to use the built in EDN
+; reader, edn/read-string
+
+(edn/read-string "{:eggs 2 :butter 1 :flour 5}")
+; -> {:eggs 2 :butter 1 :flour 5}
+
+; To transform tagged elements, define the reader function and pass a map
+; that maps tags to reader functions to edn/read-string like so
+
+(edn/read-string {:readers {'MyYelpClone/MenuItem map->menu-item}}
+ "#MyYelpClone/MenuItem {:name \"eggs-benedict\" :rating 10}")
+; -> #user.MenuItem{:name "eggs-benedict", :rating 10}
+
+```
+
+# References
+
+- [EDN spec](https://github.com/edn-format/edn)
+- [Implementations](https://github.com/edn-format/edn/wiki/Implementations)
+- [Tagged Elements](http://www.compoundtheory.com/clojure-edn-walkthrough/)
diff --git a/fr-fr/livescript-fr.html.markdown b/fr-fr/livescript-fr.html.markdown
index 9c3b8003..13bbffe5 100644
--- a/fr-fr/livescript-fr.html.markdown
+++ b/fr-fr/livescript-fr.html.markdown
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ filename: learnLivescript-fr.ls
contributors:
- ["Christina Whyte", "http://github.com/kurisuwhyte/"]
translators:
- - ["Morgan Bohn", "https://github.com/morganbohn"]
+ - ["Morgan Bohn", "https://github.com/dotmobo"]
lang: fr-fr
---
diff --git a/fsharp.html.markdown b/fsharp.html.markdown
index 76318d7d..b5c47ed7 100644
--- a/fsharp.html.markdown
+++ b/fsharp.html.markdown
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ module SequenceExamples =
// sequences can use yield and
// can contain subsequences
let strange = seq {
- // "yield! adds one element
+ // "yield" adds one element
yield 1; yield 2;
// "yield!" adds a whole subsequence
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ module DataTypeExamples =
let person1 = {First="John"; Last="Doe"}
// Pattern match to unpack
- let {First=first} = person1 //sets first="john"
+ let {First=first} = person1 //sets first="John"
// ------------------------------------
// Union types (aka variants) have a set of choices
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ module ActivePatternExamples =
// -----------------------------------
// You can create partial matching patterns as well
- // Just use undercore in the defintion, and return Some if matched.
+ // Just use underscore in the defintion, and return Some if matched.
let (|MultOf3|_|) i = if i % 3 = 0 then Some MultOf3 else None
let (|MultOf5|_|) i = if i % 5 = 0 then Some MultOf5 else None
diff --git a/hu-hu/coffeescript-hu.html.markdown b/hu-hu/coffeescript-hu.html.markdown
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..267db4d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hu-hu/coffeescript-hu.html.markdown
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+---
+language: coffeescript
+contributors:
+ - ["Tenor Biel", "http://github.com/L8D"]
+ - ["Xavier Yao", "http://github.com/xavieryao"]
+translators:
+ - ["Tamás Diószegi", "http://github.com/ditam"]
+filename: coffeescript-hu.coffee
+---
+
+A CoffeeScript egy apró nyelv ami egy-az-egyben egyenértékű Javascript kódra fordul, és így futásidőben már nem szükséges interpretálni.
+Mint a JavaScript egyik követője, a CoffeeScript mindent megtesz azért, hogy olvasható, jól formázott és jól futó JavaScript kódot állítson elő, ami minden JavaScript futtatókörnyezetben jól működik.
+
+Rézletekért lásd még a [CoffeeScript weboldalát](http://coffeescript.org/), ahol egy teljes CoffeScript tutorial is található.
+
+```coffeescript
+# A CoffeeScript egy hipszter nyelv.
+# Követi több modern nyelv trendjeit.
+# Így a kommentek, mint Ruby-ban és Python-ban, a szám szimbólummal kezdődnek.
+
+###
+A komment blokkok ilyenek, és közvetlenül '/ *' és '* /' jelekre fordítódnak
+az eredményül kapott JavaScript kódban.
+
+Mielőtt tovább olvasol, jobb, ha a JavaScript alapvető szemantikájával
+tisztában vagy.
+
+(A kód példák alatt kommentként látható a fordítás után kapott JavaScript kód.)
+###
+
+# Értékadás:
+number = 42 #=> var number = 42;
+opposite = true #=> var opposite = true;
+
+# Feltételes utasítások:
+number = -42 if opposite #=> if(opposite) { number = -42; }
+
+# Függvények:
+square = (x) -> x * x #=> var square = function(x) { return x * x; }
+
+fill = (container, liquid = "coffee") ->
+ "Filling the #{container} with #{liquid}..."
+#=>var fill;
+#
+#fill = function(container, liquid) {
+# if (liquid == null) {
+# liquid = "coffee";
+# }
+# return "Filling the " + container + " with " + liquid + "...";
+#};
+
+# Szám tartományok:
+list = [1..5] #=> var list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
+
+# Objektumok:
+math =
+ root: Math.sqrt
+ square: square
+ cube: (x) -> x * square x
+#=> var math = {
+# "root": Math.sqrt,
+# "square": square,
+# "cube": function(x) { return x * square(x); }
+# };
+
+# "Splat" jellegű függvény-paraméterek:
+race = (winner, runners...) ->
+ print winner, runners
+#=>race = function() {
+# var runners, winner;
+# winner = arguments[0], runners = 2 <= arguments.length ? __slice.call(arguments, 1) : [];
+# return print(winner, runners);
+# };
+
+# Létezés-vizsgálat:
+alert "I knew it!" if elvis?
+#=> if(typeof elvis !== "undefined" && elvis !== null) { alert("I knew it!"); }
+
+# Tömb értelmezések: (array comprehensions)
+cubes = (math.cube num for num in list)
+#=>cubes = (function() {
+# var _i, _len, _results;
+# _results = [];
+# for (_i = 0, _len = list.length; _i < _len; _i++) {
+# num = list[_i];
+# _results.push(math.cube(num));
+# }
+# return _results;
+# })();
+
+foods = ['broccoli', 'spinach', 'chocolate']
+eat food for food in foods when food isnt 'chocolate'
+#=>foods = ['broccoli', 'spinach', 'chocolate'];
+#
+#for (_k = 0, _len2 = foods.length; _k < _len2; _k++) {
+# food = foods[_k];
+# if (food !== 'chocolate') {
+# eat(food);
+# }
+#}
+```
+
+## További források
+
+- [Smooth CoffeeScript](http://autotelicum.github.io/Smooth-CoffeeScript/)
+- [CoffeeScript Ristretto](https://leanpub.com/coffeescript-ristretto/read) \ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/java.html.markdown b/java.html.markdown
index aae64ccf..1813f81c 100644
--- a/java.html.markdown
+++ b/java.html.markdown
@@ -186,9 +186,9 @@ public class LearnJava {
// operations perform as could be expected for a
// doubly-linked list.
// Maps - A set of objects that map keys to values. Map is
- // an interface and therefore cannot be instantiated.
- // The type of keys and values contained in a Map must
- // be specified upon instantiation of the implementing
+ // an interface and therefore cannot be instantiated.
+ // The type of keys and values contained in a Map must
+ // be specified upon instantiation of the implementing
// class. Each key may map to only one corresponding value,
// and each key may appear only once (no duplicates).
// HashMaps - This class uses a hashtable to implement the Map
@@ -697,6 +697,64 @@ public abstract class Mammal()
return true;
}
}
+
+
+// Enum Type
+//
+// An enum type is a special data type that enables for a variable to be a set of predefined constants. The // variable must be equal to one of the values that have been predefined for it.
+// Because they are constants, the names of an enum type's fields are in uppercase letters.
+// In the Java programming language, you define an enum type by using the enum keyword. For example, you would
+// specify a days-of-the-week enum type as:
+
+public enum Day {
+ SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY,
+ THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY
+}
+
+// We can use our enum Day like that:
+
+public class EnumTest {
+
+ // Variable Enum
+ Day day;
+
+ public EnumTest(Day day) {
+ this.day = day;
+ }
+
+ public void tellItLikeItIs() {
+ switch (day) {
+ case MONDAY:
+ System.out.println("Mondays are bad.");
+ break;
+
+ case FRIDAY:
+ System.out.println("Fridays are better.");
+ break;
+
+ case SATURDAY:
+ case SUNDAY:
+ System.out.println("Weekends are best.");
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ System.out.println("Midweek days are so-so.");
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ public static void main(String[] args) {
+ EnumTest firstDay = new EnumTest(Day.MONDAY);
+ firstDay.tellItLikeItIs(); // => Mondays are bad.
+ EnumTest thirdDay = new EnumTest(Day.WEDNESDAY);
+ thirdDay.tellItLikeItIs(); // => Midweek days are so-so.
+ }
+}
+
+// Enum types are much more powerful than we show above.
+// The enum body can include methods and other fields.
+// You can se more at https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/javaOO/enum.html
+
```
## Further Reading
@@ -720,7 +778,7 @@ The links provided here below are just to get an understanding of the topic, fee
* [Generics](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/generics/index.html)
-* [Java Code Conventions](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/codeconv-138413.html)
+* [Java Code Conventions](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/codeconvtoc-136057.html)
**Online Practice and Tutorials**
diff --git a/javascript.html.markdown b/javascript.html.markdown
index cd75b0d2..e285ca4e 100644
--- a/javascript.html.markdown
+++ b/javascript.html.markdown
@@ -101,6 +101,10 @@ false;
// Strings are concatenated with +
"Hello " + "world!"; // = "Hello world!"
+// ... which works with more than just strings
+"1, 2, " + 3; // = "1, 2, 3"
+"Hello " + ["world", "!"] // = "Hello world,!"
+
// and are compared with < and >
"a" < "b"; // = true
diff --git a/matlab.html.markdown b/matlab.html.markdown
index 4d97834c..ad42d9a9 100644
--- a/matlab.html.markdown
+++ b/matlab.html.markdown
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ pcolor(A) % Heat-map of matrix: plot as grid of rectangles, coloured by value
contour(A) % Contour plot of matrix
mesh(A) % Plot as a mesh surface
-h = figure % Create new figure object, with handle h
+h = figure % Create new figure object, with handle h
figure(h) % Makes the figure corresponding to handle h the current figure
close(h) % close figure with handle h
close all % close all open figure windows
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ length % length of a vector
sort % sort in ascending order
sum % sum of elements
prod % product of elements
-mode % modal value
+mode % modal value
median % median value
mean % mean value
std % standard deviation
diff --git a/python.html.markdown b/python.html.markdown
index 42a52bcf..541bd36d 100644
--- a/python.html.markdown
+++ b/python.html.markdown
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ executable pseudocode.
Feedback would be highly appreciated! You can reach me at [@louiedinh](http://twitter.com/louiedinh) or louiedinh [at] [google's email service]
Note: This article applies to Python 2.7 specifically, but should be applicable
-to Python 2.x. Python 2.7 is reachong end of life and will stop beeign maintained in 2020,
-it is though recommended to start learnign Python with Python 3.
+to Python 2.x. Python 2.7 is reaching end of life and will stop being maintained in 2020,
+it is though recommended to start learning Python with Python 3.
For Python 3.x, take a look at the [Python 3 tutorial](http://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/python3/).
It is also possible to write Python code which is compatible with Python 2.7 and 3.x at the same time,
@@ -123,8 +123,12 @@ not False # => True
# A string can be treated like a list of characters
"This is a string"[0] # => 'T'
-# % can be used to format strings, like this:
-"%s can be %s" % ("strings", "interpolated")
+#String formatting with %
+#Even though the % string operator will be deprecated on Python 3.1 and removed
+#later at some time, it may still be good to know how it works.
+x = 'apple'
+y = 'lemon'
+z = "The items in the basket are %s and %s" % (x,y)
# A newer way to format strings is the format method.
# This method is the preferred way
diff --git a/ru-ru/clojure-ru.html.markdown b/ru-ru/clojure-ru.html.markdown
index 2f508a00..451da312 100644
--- a/ru-ru/clojure-ru.html.markdown
+++ b/ru-ru/clojure-ru.html.markdown
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ Clojure, это представитель семейства Lisp-подобн
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Функция создается специальной формой fn.
-; "Тело"" функции может состоять из нескольких форм,
+; "Тело" функции может состоять из нескольких форм,
; но результатом вызова функции всегда будет результат вычисления
; последней из них.
(fn [] "Hello World") ; => fn
diff --git a/ru-ru/php-ru.html.markdown b/ru-ru/php-ru.html.markdown
index 5672aa90..dc254bf8 100644
--- a/ru-ru/php-ru.html.markdown
+++ b/ru-ru/php-ru.html.markdown
@@ -420,8 +420,6 @@ include_once 'my-file.php';
require 'my-file.php';
require_once 'my-file.php';
-// Same as include(), except require() will cause a fatal error if the
-// file cannot be included.
// Действует также как и include(), но если файл не удалось подключить,
// функция выдает фатальную ошибку
diff --git a/zh-cn/haskell-cn.html.markdown b/zh-cn/haskell-cn.html.markdown
index 8904970f..b0b1183f 100644
--- a/zh-cn/haskell-cn.html.markdown
+++ b/zh-cn/haskell-cn.html.markdown
@@ -200,13 +200,13 @@ foo 5 -- 75
-- 你可以使用 `$` 来移除多余的括号。
-- 修改前
-(even (fib 7)) -- true
+(even (fib 7)) -- False
-- 修改后
-even . fib $ 7 -- true
+even . fib $ 7 -- False
-- 等价地
-even $ fib 7 -- true
+even $ fib 7 -- False
----------------------------------------------------
-- 5. 类型声明
diff --git a/zh-cn/java-cn.html.markdown b/zh-cn/java-cn.html.markdown
index 12afa59a..a8fd2a4c 100644
--- a/zh-cn/java-cn.html.markdown
+++ b/zh-cn/java-cn.html.markdown
@@ -405,4 +405,4 @@ class PennyFarthing extends Bicycle {
* [泛型](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/generics/index.html)
-* [Java代码规范](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/codeconv-138413.html)
+* [Java代码规范](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/codeconvtoc-136057.html)