diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'nim.html.markdown')
| -rw-r--r-- | nim.html.markdown | 80 |
1 files changed, 44 insertions, 36 deletions
diff --git a/nim.html.markdown b/nim.html.markdown index ae9f5ce0..69d0f804 100644 --- a/nim.html.markdown +++ b/nim.html.markdown @@ -18,15 +18,15 @@ var x: int # Declare a variable and its type x = 1 # Assign it a value var z = "Yep" # Declare and assign, with or without type annotations -var # Several, with or without type annotations - letter: char = 'n' # One byte character - name = "Nimrod" # string - truth: bool = false # Common boolean operators: `and` `not` `or` +var # Several, with or without type annotations + letter: char = 'n' # One byte character + lang = "Nimrod" # string + truth: bool = false # Common boolean operators: `and` `not` `or` seconds: int = 42 - thoughts = """ + thoughts = """ A great programming language that everyone can enjoy! -""" # Multiline raw strings +""" # Multiline raw strings boat: float let # Use let to declare and bind an variable *once*. @@ -54,8 +54,9 @@ multiline comment # Common Operations on Basic Types # -var nim = "Nimrod is a progamming language" -name = nim[0..5] +let + phrase = "Nim is a progamming language" + nim = phrase[0..5] # TODO More common operations? @@ -91,6 +92,9 @@ type Name = string # A type alias gives you a new type that is interchangable Age = int # with the old type but is more descriptive. Person = tuple[name: Name, age: Age] # Define data structures too. + LongTuple = tuple + fieldOne: string + secondField: int var john: Person = ("John B.", 17) @@ -104,11 +108,11 @@ type var money: Cash = 100.Cash # `.Cash` converts the int to our type - desc: Desc = "Interesting".Desc + description: Desc = "Interesting".Desc when compileBadCode: - john.age = money # Error! age is of type int and money is Cash - john.name = desc # Compiler says: "No way!" + john.age = money # Error! age is of type int and money is Cash + john.name = description # Compiler says: "No way!" # # More Types and Data Structures @@ -117,13 +121,17 @@ when compileBadCode: # Enumerations allow a type to be one of a limited number of values type - Directions = enum north, west, east, south - Colors = enum red, blue, green + Color = enum cRed, cBlue, cGreen + Direction = enum # Alternative formating + dNorth + dWest + dEast + dSouth var - orient = north # `orient` is of type Directions, with the value `north` - pixel = green # `pixel` is of type Colors, with the value `green` + orient = dNorth # `orient` is of type Direction, with the value `dNorth` + pixel = cGreen # `pixel` is of type Color, with the value `cGreen` -discard north > east # Enums are usually an "ordinal" type +discard dNorth > dEast # Enums are usually an "ordinal" type # Subranges specify a limited valid range @@ -138,23 +146,23 @@ when compileBadCode: # Arrays type - RollCounter = array[DieFaces, int] # Array's are fixed length and - DirNames = array[Directions, string] # indexed by any ordinal type. - Truths = array[42..44, bool] + RollCounter = array[DieFaces, int] # Array's are fixed length and + DirNames = array[Direction, string] # indexed by any ordinal type. + Truths = array[42..44, bool] var - rollCounter: RollCounter + counter: RollCounter directions: DirNames - truths: Truths + possible: Truths -truths = [false, false, false] # Literal arrays are created with [V1,..,Vn] -truths[42] = true +possible = [false, false, false] # Literal arrays are created with [V1,..,Vn] +possible[42] = true -directions[north] = "Ahh. The Great White North!" -directions[west] = "No, don't go there." +directions[dNorth] = "Ahh. The Great White North!" +directions[dWest] = "No, don't go there." my_roll = 13 -rollCounter[my_roll] += 1 -rollCounter[my_roll] += 1 +counter[my_roll] += 1 +counter[my_roll] += 1 var anotherArray = ["Default index", "starts at", "0"] @@ -180,10 +188,10 @@ else: import strutils as str echo "I'm thinking of a number between 41 and 43. Guess which!" var - answer: int = 42 + number: int = 42 raw_guess: string guess: int -while guess != answer: +while guess != number: raw_guess = readLine(stdin) if raw_guess == "": continue # `continue` restarts loop/block @@ -191,9 +199,9 @@ while guess != answer: if guess == 1001: echo("AAAAAAGGG!") break - elif guess > answer: + elif guess > number: echo("Too high.") - elif guess < answer: + elif guess < number: echo("Too low") else: echo("Yeeeeeehaw!") @@ -223,16 +231,16 @@ for line in splitLines(myString): # Procedures # -type Answer = enum yes, no +type Answer = enum aYes, aNo proc ask(question: string): Answer = echo(question, " (y/n)") while true: case readLine(stdin) of "y", "Y", "yes", "Yes": - return Answer.yes # Enums can be qualified + return Answer.aYes # Enums can be qualified of "n", "N", "no", "No": - return Answer.no + return Answer.aNo else: echo("Please be clear: yes or no") proc addSugar(amount: int = 2) = # Default amount is 2, returns nothing @@ -240,9 +248,9 @@ proc addSugar(amount: int = 2) = # Default amount is 2, returns nothing echo a, " sugar..." case ask("Would you like sugar in your tea?") -of yes: +of aYes: addSugar(3) -of no: +of aNo: echo "Oh do take a little!" addSugar() # No need for an `else` here. only `yes` and `no` are possible. |