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Diffstat (limited to 'typescript.html.markdown')
-rw-r--r-- | typescript.html.markdown | 57 |
1 files changed, 55 insertions, 2 deletions
diff --git a/typescript.html.markdown b/typescript.html.markdown index ba4a9e71..7e857cc0 100644 --- a/typescript.html.markdown +++ b/typescript.html.markdown @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ This article will focus only on TypeScript extra syntax, as opposed to [JavaScript](/docs/javascript). To test TypeScript's compiler, head to the -[Playground] (http://www.typescriptlang.org/Playground) where you will be able +[Playground](https://www.typescriptlang.org/play) where you will be able to type code, have auto completion and directly see the emitted JavaScript. ```ts @@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ interface Person { } var p1: Person = { name: "Tyrone", age: 42 }; -p1.age = 25; // Error, p1.x is read-only +p1.age = 25; // Error, p1.age is read-only var p2 = { name: "John", age: 60 }; var p3: Person = p2; // Ok, read-only alias for p2 @@ -223,6 +223,59 @@ moreNumbers[5] = 5; // Error, elements are read-only moreNumbers.push(5); // Error, no push method (because it mutates array) moreNumbers.length = 3; // Error, length is read-only numbers = moreNumbers; // Error, mutating methods are missing + +// Tagged Union Types for modelling state that can be in one of many shapes +type State = + | { type: "loading" } + | { type: "success", value: number } + | { type: "error", message: string }; + +declare const state: State; +if (state.type === "success") { + console.log(state.value); +} else if (state.type === "error") { + console.error(state.message); +} + +// Iterators and Generators + +// for..of statement +// iterate over the list of values on the object being iterated +let arrayOfAnyType = [1, "string", false]; +for (const val of arrayOfAnyType) { + console.log(val); // 1, "string", false +} + +let list = [4, 5, 6]; +for (const i of list) { + console.log(i); // 4, 5, 6 +} + +// for..in statement +// iterate over the list of keys on the object being iterated +for (const i in list) { + console.log(i); // 0, 1, 2 +} + +// Type Assertion + +let foo = {} // Creating foo as an empty object +foo.bar = 123 // Error: property 'bar' does not exist on `{}` +foo.baz = 'hello world' // Error: property 'baz' does not exist on `{}` + +// Because the inferred type of foo is `{}` (an object with 0 properties), you +// are not allowed to add bar and baz to it. However with type assertion, +// the following will pass: + +interface Foo { + bar: number; + baz: string; +} + +let foo = {} as Foo; // Type assertion here +foo.bar = 123; +foo.baz = 'hello world' + ``` ## Further Reading |