From 8de5c352bc94bf6f1e5886e68356b53e0ffd80d4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Underwood <david.underwood@jadedpixel.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2013 15:57:57 -0400
Subject: Initial WIP commit for ruby

---
 ruby.html.markdown | 202 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 202 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 ruby.html.markdown

(limited to 'ruby.html.markdown')

diff --git a/ruby.html.markdown b/ruby.html.markdown
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..32dfeff3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ruby.html.markdown
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+---
+language: ruby
+author: David Underwood
+author_url: http://theflyingdeveloper.com
+---
+
+```ruby
+# This is a comment
+
+=begin
+This is a multiline comment
+No-one uses them
+You shouldn't either
+=end
+
+
+3 #=> 3
+
+
+# Some basic arithmetic
+1 + 1 #=> 2
+8 - 1 #=> 7
+10 * 2 #=> 20
+35 / 5 #=> 7
+
+# Special values
+nil #=> Nothing to see here
+true #=> truth
+false #=> falsehood
+
+# Equality
+1 == 1 #=> true
+2 == 1 #=> false
+
+# Inequality
+1 != 1 #=> false
+2 != 1 #=> true
+!true  #=> false
+!false #=> true
+
+# More comparisons
+1 < 10 #=> True
+1 > 10 #=> False
+2 <= 2 #=> True
+2 >= 2 #=> True
+
+'I am a string'
+"I am a string too"
+
+placeholder = "use variables inline"
+"I can #{placeholder} when using double quoted strings"
+#=> "I can use variables inline when using double quoted strings"
+
+
+# print to the output
+puts "I'm printing!"
+
+# Variables
+x = 25 #=> 25
+
+# Note that assignment returns the value assigned
+# This means you can do multiple assignment:
+
+x = y = 10 #=> 10
+x #=> 10
+y #=> 10
+
+# By convention, use snake_case for variable names
+snake_case = true
+
+# Use descriptive variable names
+path_to_project_root = '/good/name/'
+path = '/bad/name/'
+
+# Arrays
+
+# This is an array
+[1, 2, 3, 4, 5] #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+
+# Arrays can contain different types of items
+
+array = [1, "hello", false] #=> => [1, "hello", false]
+
+# Arrays can be indexed
+# From the front
+array[0] #=> 1
+array[12] #=> nil
+
+# From the end
+array[-1] #=> 5
+
+# With a start and end index
+array[2, 4] #=> [3, 4, 5]
+
+# Or with a range
+array[1..3] #=> [2, 3, 4]
+
+# Add to the end of an array like this
+array << 6 #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+
+# Or like this
+array.push 7 #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
+
+# Or to the beginning like this
+array.unshift 0 #=> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
+
+# Remove the first item in an array
+
+array.shift #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
+
+# Or the last
+
+array.pop #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+
+# Note that push and pop do the opposite of each other
+# Shift and unshift are the same.
+
+# Control structures
+
+if true
+  "if statement"
+elsif false
+ "else if, optional"
+else
+ "else, also optional"
+end
+
+for counter in 1..5
+  puts "iteration #{counter}"
+end
+#=> iteration 1
+#=> iteration 2
+#=> iteration 3
+#=> iteration 4
+#=> iteration 5
+
+# HOWEVER
+# No-one uses for loops
+# Use `each` instead, like this:
+
+(1..5).each do |counter|
+  puts "iteration #{counter}"
+end
+#=> iteration 1
+#=> iteration 2
+#=> iteration 3
+#=> iteration 4
+#=> iteration 5
+
+counter = 1
+while counter <= 5 do
+  puts "iteration #{counter}"
+end
+#=> iteration 1
+#=> iteration 2
+#=> iteration 3
+#=> iteration 4
+#=> iteration 5
+
+grade = 'B'
+case grade
+when 'A'
+  puts "way to go kiddo"
+when 'B'
+  puts "Better luck next time"
+when 'C'
+  puts "You can do better"
+when 'D'
+  puts "Scraping through"
+when 'F'
+  puts "You failed!"
+
+
+# Functions
+
+def double(x)
+  x * 2
+end
+
+# Functions (and all blocks) implcitly return the value of the last statement
+double(2) #=> 4
+
+# Parentheses are optional where the result is unambiguous
+double 3 #=> 6
+
+double double 3 #=> 12
+
+def sum(x,y)
+  x + y
+end
+
+# Method arguments are separated by a comma
+sum 3, 4 #=> 7
+
+sum sum(3,4), 5 #=> 12
+
+# yield
+# All methods have an implicit, optional block parameter
+# it can be called with the 'yield' keyword
+
+
+```
\ No newline at end of file
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From b9e0c189ee856de31a3fd035b39bd54765104a8d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Underwood <david.underwood@jadedpixel.com>
Date: Sat, 29 Jun 2013 18:04:37 -0400
Subject: fixes typos in the boolean results

---
 ruby.html.markdown | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

(limited to 'ruby.html.markdown')

diff --git a/ruby.html.markdown b/ruby.html.markdown
index 32dfeff3..a317c498 100644
--- a/ruby.html.markdown
+++ b/ruby.html.markdown
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ false #=> falsehood
 !false #=> true
 
 # More comparisons
-1 < 10 #=> True
-1 > 10 #=> False
-2 <= 2 #=> True
-2 >= 2 #=> True
+1 < 10 #=> true
+1 > 10 #=> false
+2 <= 2 #=> true
+2 >= 2 #=> true
 
 'I am a string'
 "I am a string too"
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From 07aa1d9337252eea9f4d5103e028c894132be91f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Underwood <david.underwood@jadedpixel.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Jul 2013 12:27:15 -0400
Subject: Adds sections for symbols, hashes, and yields

---
 ruby.html.markdown | 51 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 50 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

(limited to 'ruby.html.markdown')

diff --git a/ruby.html.markdown b/ruby.html.markdown
index a317c498..b07c92c9 100644
--- a/ruby.html.markdown
+++ b/ruby.html.markdown
@@ -72,6 +72,18 @@ snake_case = true
 path_to_project_root = '/good/name/'
 path = '/bad/name/'
 
+# Symbols
+# Symbols are immutable, reusable constants represented internally by an integer value
+# They're often used instead of strings to efficiently convey specific, meaningful values
+
+status = :pending
+
+status == :pending #=> true
+
+status == 'pending' #=> false
+
+position = :left
+
 # Arrays
 
 # This is an array
@@ -115,6 +127,33 @@ array.pop #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
 # Note that push and pop do the opposite of each other
 # Shift and unshift are the same.
 
+# Hashes are Ruby's primary dictionary with keys/value pairs.
+# Hashes are denoted with curly braces:
+hash = {'color' => 'green', 'number' => 5}
+
+hash.keys #=> ['color', 'number']
+
+# Hashes can be quickly looked up by key:
+hash['color'] #=> 'green'
+hash['number'] #=> 5
+
+# Asking a hash for a key that doesn't exist returns nil:
+hash['nothing here'] #=> nil
+
+# Iterate over hashes with the #each method:
+hash.each do |k, v|
+  puts "#{k} is #{v}"
+end
+
+# Since Ruby 1.9, there's a special syntax when using symbols as keys:
+
+new_hash = { defcon: 3, action: true}
+
+new_hash.keys #=> [:defcon, :action]
+
+# Tip: Both Arrays and Hashes are Enumerable
+# This means they share a lot of useful methods
+
 # Control structures
 
 if true
@@ -160,7 +199,7 @@ end
 grade = 'B'
 case grade
 when 'A'
-  puts "way to go kiddo"
+  puts "Way to go kiddo"
 when 'B'
   puts "Better luck next time"
 when 'C'
@@ -198,5 +237,15 @@ sum sum(3,4), 5 #=> 12
 # All methods have an implicit, optional block parameter
 # it can be called with the 'yield' keyword
 
+def surround
+  puts "{"
+  yield
+  puts "}"
+end
+
+surround { puts 'hello world' }
 
+# {
+# hello world
+# }
 ```
\ No newline at end of file
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From 918123e8cef7047550bf3bb9dbecc9b3efb01de2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Underwood <david.underwood@jadedpixel.com>
Date: Tue, 2 Jul 2013 13:24:50 -0400
Subject: changes string interpolation text as suggested by @fbernier

---
 ruby.html.markdown | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

(limited to 'ruby.html.markdown')

diff --git a/ruby.html.markdown b/ruby.html.markdown
index b07c92c9..44b0e46c 100644
--- a/ruby.html.markdown
+++ b/ruby.html.markdown
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ false #=> falsehood
 'I am a string'
 "I am a string too"
 
-placeholder = "use variables inline"
+placeholder = "use string interpolation"
 "I can #{placeholder} when using double quoted strings"
-#=> "I can use variables inline when using double quoted strings"
+#=> "I can use string interpolation when using double quoted strings"
 
 
 # print to the output
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From 705e8fd023f6c61e4ccb79095238474ee922a0bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Underwood <david.underwood@jadedpixel.com>
Date: Tue, 2 Jul 2013 13:46:58 -0400
Subject: Adds emphasis about the object-oriented nature of ruby, and removes
 references to lesser-used array functions

---
 ruby.html.markdown | 59 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------
 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)

(limited to 'ruby.html.markdown')

diff --git a/ruby.html.markdown b/ruby.html.markdown
index 44b0e46c..62db549c 100644
--- a/ruby.html.markdown
+++ b/ruby.html.markdown
@@ -13,8 +13,13 @@ No-one uses them
 You shouldn't either
 =end
 
+# First and foremost: Everything is an object.
 
-3 #=> 3
+# Numbers are objects
+
+3.class #=> Fixnum
+
+3.to_s #=> "3"
 
 
 # Some basic arithmetic
@@ -23,15 +28,24 @@ You shouldn't either
 10 * 2 #=> 20
 35 / 5 #=> 7
 
-# Special values
-nil #=> Nothing to see here
-true #=> truth
-false #=> falsehood
+# Special values are objects
+nil # Nothing to see here
+true # truth
+false # falsehood
+
+nil.class #=> NilClass
+true.class #=> TrueClass
+false.class #=> FalseClass
 
 # Equality
 1 == 1 #=> true
 2 == 1 #=> false
 
+# apart from false itself, nil is the only other 'falsey' value
+
+nil == false #=> true
+0 == false #=> false
+
 # Inequality
 1 != 1 #=> false
 2 != 1 #=> true
@@ -44,8 +58,10 @@ false #=> falsehood
 2 <= 2 #=> true
 2 >= 2 #=> true
 
-'I am a string'
-"I am a string too"
+# Strings are objects
+
+'I am a string'.class #=> String
+"I am a string too".class #=> String
 
 placeholder = "use string interpolation"
 "I can #{placeholder} when using double quoted strings"
@@ -57,6 +73,7 @@ puts "I'm printing!"
 
 # Variables
 x = 25 #=> 25
+x #=> 25
 
 # Note that assignment returns the value assigned
 # This means you can do multiple assignment:
@@ -72,17 +89,19 @@ snake_case = true
 path_to_project_root = '/good/name/'
 path = '/bad/name/'
 
-# Symbols
+# Symbols (are objects)
 # Symbols are immutable, reusable constants represented internally by an integer value
 # They're often used instead of strings to efficiently convey specific, meaningful values
 
+:pending.class #=> Symbol
+
 status = :pending
 
 status == :pending #=> true
 
 status == 'pending' #=> false
 
-position = :left
+status == :approved #=> false
 
 # Arrays
 
@@ -107,26 +126,9 @@ array[2, 4] #=> [3, 4, 5]
 # Or with a range
 array[1..3] #=> [2, 3, 4]
 
-# Add to the end of an array like this
+# Add to an array like this
 array << 6 #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
 
-# Or like this
-array.push 7 #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
-
-# Or to the beginning like this
-array.unshift 0 #=> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
-
-# Remove the first item in an array
-
-array.shift #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
-
-# Or the last
-
-array.pop #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
-
-# Note that push and pop do the opposite of each other
-# Shift and unshift are the same.
-
 # Hashes are Ruby's primary dictionary with keys/value pairs.
 # Hashes are denoted with curly braces:
 hash = {'color' => 'green', 'number' => 5}
@@ -152,7 +154,7 @@ new_hash = { defcon: 3, action: true}
 new_hash.keys #=> [:defcon, :action]
 
 # Tip: Both Arrays and Hashes are Enumerable
-# This means they share a lot of useful methods
+# This means they share a lot of useful methods such as each, map, count, and more
 
 # Control structures
 
@@ -197,6 +199,7 @@ end
 #=> iteration 5
 
 grade = 'B'
+
 case grade
 when 'A'
   puts "Way to go kiddo"
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From 99192fea522aa80ec01aeb7d4e570ee24088981b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Underwood <david.underwood@jadedpixel.com>
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 2013 15:21:29 -0400
Subject: Adds class documentation written by @joelwalden in #95

---
 ruby.html.markdown | 52 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 52 insertions(+)

(limited to 'ruby.html.markdown')

diff --git a/ruby.html.markdown b/ruby.html.markdown
index 62db549c..7863ebd2 100644
--- a/ruby.html.markdown
+++ b/ruby.html.markdown
@@ -251,4 +251,56 @@ surround { puts 'hello world' }
 # {
 # hello world
 # }
+
+
+# Define a class with the class keyword
+class Human
+
+     # A class variable. It is shared by all instances of this class.
+    @@species = "H. sapiens"
+
+    # Basic initializer
+    def initialize(name, age=0):
+        # Assign the argument to the "name" instance variable for the instance
+        @name = name
+        # If no age given, we will fall back to the default in the arguments list.
+        @age = age
+    end
+
+    # Basic setter method
+    def name=(name)
+        @name = name
+    end
+
+    # Basic getter method
+    def name
+        @name
+    end
+
+    # A class method; uses self to distinguish from instance methods. (Can only be called on class, not an instance).
+
+    def self.say(msg)
+       puts "#{msg}"
+    end
+
+    def species
+        @@species
+    end
+
+end
+
+
+# Instantiate a class
+jim = Human.new("Jim Halpert")
+
+dwight = Human.new("Dwight K. Schrute")
+
+# Let's call a couple of methods
+jim.species #=> "H. sapiens"
+jim.name #=> "Jim Halpert"
+dwight.species #=> "H. sapiens"
+dwight.name #=> "Dwight K. Schrute"
+
+# Call the class method
+Human.say("Hi") #=> "Hi"
 ```
\ No newline at end of file
-- 
cgit v1.2.3


From 2419d8c30aada12c72f0c7ee36db58298263e110 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: David Underwood <david.underwood@jadedpixel.com>
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 2013 15:39:43 -0400
Subject: Updates YAML front-matter to match #97

---
 ruby.html.markdown | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

(limited to 'ruby.html.markdown')

diff --git a/ruby.html.markdown b/ruby.html.markdown
index 7863ebd2..2de134ae 100644
--- a/ruby.html.markdown
+++ b/ruby.html.markdown
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 language: ruby
-author: David Underwood
-author_url: http://theflyingdeveloper.com
+contributors:
+  - ["David Underwood", "http://theflyingdeveloper.com"]
 ---
 
 ```ruby
-- 
cgit v1.2.3