--- category: tool tool: tmux contributors: - ["kaernyk", "http://github.com/kaernyk"] filename: LearnTmux.txt --- tmux is a terminal multiplexer: it enables a number of terminals to be created, accessed, and controlled from a single screen. tmux may be detached from a screen and continue running in the background, then later reattached. ```bash # We’ll start off with managing tmux from a terminal: tmux | tmux new # Create an unamed session -s "Session" # Create named session -n "Window" # Create named Window -c "/dir" # Start in target directory tmux attach # Attach last/available session -t "#" # Attach target session -d # Detach the session from other instances tmux ls # List open sessions kill-session # Kill current session -t "#" # Kill target session -a # Kill all sessions -a -t "#" # Kill all sessions but the target ## Key Bindings # The method of controlling an attached tmux session is fairly simple, but # there are two keys we will see repeated throughout this write-up (as well as # the man pages). (C-b) == Ctrl + b # This combination is the default prefix key that is to be used in conjunction # with a keybind to produce the stated effect. # The default keybinds are as follows: C-b # Send the prefix key (C-b) through to the application. C-o # Rotate the panes in the current window forwards. C-z # Suspend the tmux client. ? # List all key bindings. : # Enter the tmux command prompt. r # Force redraw of the attached client. c # Create a new window. $ # Rename the current session. , # Rename the current window. ! # Break the current pane out of the window. % # Split the current pane into two, left and right. " # Split the current pane into two, top and bottom. n # Change to the next window. p # Change to the previous window. { # Swap the current pane with the previous pane. } # Swap the current pane with the next pane. s # Select a new session for the attached client interactively. w # Choose the current window interactively. 0 to 9 # Select windows 0 to 9. d # Detach the current client. D # Choose a client to detach. & # Kill the current window. x # Kill the current pane. Up, Down # Change to the pane above, below, left, or right. Left, Right M-1 to M-5 # Arrange panes: # 1) even-horizontal # 2) even-vertical # 3) main-horizontal # 4) main-vertical # 5) tiled. C-Up, C-Down # Resize the current pane in steps of one cell. C-Left, C-Right M-Up, M-Down # Resize the current pane in steps of five cells. M-Left, M-Right ``` ### Configuring ~/.tmux.conf tmux.conf can be used to set options automatically on start up, much like how .vimrc or init.el are used. ```bash # Example tmux.conf # 2014.9 ### Keybinds ########################################################################### ## Prefix Adjustment # Unbind C-b as the default prefix unbind-key C-b # Set ` as the default prefix set-option -g prefix ` #set option -g prefix C-a # Return to previous window when prefix is pressed twice bind-key C-a last-window bind-key ` last-window bind-key a send-prefix # Allow swapping C-a and ` using F11/F12 bind-key F11 set-option -g prefix C-a bind-key F12 set-option -g prefix ` ## Index Start set -g base-index 1 ## Window Cycle/Swap bind e previous-window bind f next-window bind E swap-window -t -1 bind F swap-window -t +1 ### Theme ########################################################################### ## Statusbar Color Palatte #set-option -g status-justify centre set-option -g status-justify left set-option -g status-bg black set-option -g status-fg white set-option -g status-left-length 40 set-option -g status-right-length 80 ## Pane Border Color Palette set-option -g pane-active-border-fg green set-option -g pane-active-border-bg black set-option -g pane-border-fg white set-option -g pane-border-bg black ## Message Color Palette set-option -g message-fg black set-option -g message-bg green #setw -g mode-bg black ## Window Status Color Palette setw -g window-status-bg black setw -g window-status-current-fg green setw -g window-status-bell-attr default setw -g window-status-bell-fg red setw -g window-status-content-attr default setw -g window-status-content-fg yellow setw -g window-status-activity-attr default setw -g window-status-activity-fg yellow ### UI ########################################################################### ## Window Interface Adjustments set-option -g status-utf8 on setw -g mode-keys vi setw -g mode-mouse on setw -g monitor-activity on set-option -g mouse-select-pane on set-option -g status-keys vi set-option -g bell-action any set-option -g set-titles on set-option -g set-titles-string '#H:#S.#I.#P #W #T' # window number,program name,active (or not) set-option -g visual-bell off ## Statusbar Adjustments set -g status-left ' #[fg=red]#H#[fg=green]:#[fg=white]#S #[fg=green]][#[default] ' set -g status-interval 5 #set -g status-right ' #[fg=green]][#[fg=white] #T #[fg=green]][ #[fg=blue]%Y-%m-%d #[fg=white]%H:%M#[default] ' ## Show performance counters in statusbar #set -g status-right ' #[fg=green]][#[fg=white] #(tmux-mem-cpu-load 5 4) #[fg=green]][ #[fg=yellow]%H:%M#[default] ' ### Misc ########################################################################### set -g history-limit 4096 bind r source-file ~/.tmux.conf ``` ### External Resources Tmux | Home
Manual page
Display CPU/MEM % in statusbar
Archlinux Wiki
Gentoo Wiki