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authorAdam <adam@adambard.com>2016-02-12 11:42:25 -0800
committerAdam <adam@adambard.com>2016-02-12 11:42:25 -0800
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----
-language: brainfuck
-contributors:
- - ["Prajit Ramachandran", "http://prajitr.github.io/"]
- - ["Mathias Bynens", "http://mathiasbynens.be/"]
----
-
-Brainfuck (not capitalized except at the start of a sentence) is an extremely
-minimal Turing-complete programming language with just 8 commands.
-
-You can try brainfuck on your browser with [brainfuck-visualizer](http://fatiherikli.github.io/brainfuck-visualizer/).
-
-```
-Any character not "><+-.,[]" (excluding quotation marks) is ignored.
-
-Brainfuck is represented by an array with 30,000 cells initialized to zero
-and a data pointer pointing at the current cell.
-
-There are eight commands:
-+ : Increments the value at the current cell by one.
-- : Decrements the value at the current cell by one.
-> : Moves the data pointer to the next cell (cell on the right).
-< : Moves the data pointer to the previous cell (cell on the left).
-. : Prints the ASCII value at the current cell (i.e. 65 = 'A').
-, : Reads a single input character into the current cell.
-[ : If the value at the current cell is zero, skips to the corresponding ] .
- Otherwise, move to the next instruction.
-] : If the value at the current cell is zero, move to the next instruction.
- Otherwise, move backwards in the instructions to the corresponding [ .
-
-[ and ] form a while loop. Obviously, they must be balanced.
-
-Let's look at some basic brainfuck programs.
-
-++++++ [ > ++++++++++ < - ] > +++++ .
-
-This program prints out the letter 'A'. First, it increments cell #1 to 6.
-Cell #1 will be used for looping. Then, it enters the loop ([) and moves
-to cell #2. It increments cell #2 10 times, moves back to cell #1, and
-decrements cell #1. This loop happens 6 times (it takes 6 decrements for
-cell #1 to reach 0, at which point it skips to the corresponding ] and
-continues on).
-
-At this point, we're on cell #1, which has a value of 0, while cell #2 has a
-value of 60. We move on cell #2, increment 5 times, for a value of 65, and then
-print cell #2's value. 65 is 'A' in ASCII, so 'A' is printed to the terminal.
-
-
-, [ > + < - ] > .
-
-This program reads a character from the user input and copies the character into
-cell #1. Then we start a loop. Move to cell #2, increment the value at cell #2,
-move back to cell #1, and decrement the value at cell #1. This continues on
-until cell #1 is 0, and cell #2 holds cell #1's old value. Because we're on
-cell #1 at the end of the loop, move to cell #2, and then print out the value
-in ASCII.
-
-Also keep in mind that the spaces are purely for readability purposes. You
-could just as easily write it as:
-
-,[>+<-]>.
-
-Try and figure out what this program does:
-
-,>,< [ > [ >+ >+ << -] >> [- << + >>] <<< -] >>
-
-This program takes two numbers for input, and multiplies them.
-
-The gist is it first reads in two inputs. Then it starts the outer loop,
-conditioned on cell #1. Then it moves to cell #2, and starts the inner
-loop conditioned on cell #2, incrementing cell #3. However, there comes a
-problem: At the end of the inner loop, cell #2 is zero. In that case,
-inner loop won't work anymore since next time. To solve this problem,
-we also increment cell #4, and then recopy cell #4 into cell #2.
-Then cell #3 is the result.
-```
-
-And that's brainfuck. Not that hard, eh? For fun, you can write your own
-brainfuck programs, or you can write a brainfuck interpreter in another
-language. The interpreter is fairly simple to implement, but if you're a
-masochist, try writing a brainfuck interpreter… in brainfuck.