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authorrobochat <rjsteed@talk21.com>2016-09-03 19:30:53 +0200
committerven <vendethiel@hotmail.fr>2016-09-03 19:30:53 +0200
commit66c8b036dcdbcd538f914e14d073194d704159fa (patch)
tree7c0718bb70692b8f7eb2eb168f64d1b16069452b /html.html.markdown
parent7beaa529b912ccda6e26eee85acae50e79c6d6d5 (diff)
[html/en] adding translation of html/fr (#2354)
* [html/en] adding a translation of html/fr. * [html/en] small changes and 1 bug fix. * [html/fr] small bug fix. * [html/en] small bug fix.
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+---
+language: html
+filename: learnhtml.html
+contributors:
+ - ["Christophe THOMAS", "https://github.com/WinChris"]
+translators:
+ - ["Robert Steed", "https://github.com/robochat"]
+---
+
+HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.
+It is a language which us to write pages for the world wide web.
+It is a markup language, it enables us to write to write webpages using code to indicate how text and data should be displayed.
+In fact, html files are simple text files.
+What is this markup? It is a method of organising the page's data by surrounding it with opening tags and closing tags.
+This markup serves to give significance to the text that it encloses.
+Like other computer languages, HTML has many versions. Here we will talk about HTML5.
+
+**NOTE :** You can test the different tags and elements as you progress through the tutorial on a site like [codepen](http://codepen.io/pen/) in order to see their effects, understand how they work and familiarise yourself with the language.
+This article is concerned principally with HTML syntax and some useful tips.
+
+
+```html
+<!-- Comments are enclosed like this line! -->
+
+<!-- #################### The Tags #################### -->
+
+<!-- Here is an example HTML file that we are going to analyse. -->
+
+<!doctype html>
+ <html>
+ <head>
+ <title>My Site</title>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <h1>Hello, world!</h1>
+ <a href = "http://codepen.io/anon/pen/xwjLbZ">Come look at what this shows/a>
+ <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
+ <p>This is another paragraph.</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>This is an item in a non-enumerated list (bullet list)</li>
+ <li>This is another item</li>
+ <li>And this is the last item on the list</li>
+ </ul>
+ </body>
+ </html>
+
+<!-- An HTML file always starts by indicating to the browser that the page is HTML. -->
+<!doctype html>
+
+<!-- After this, it starts by opening an <html> tag. -->
+<html>
+
+<!-- that will be closed at the end of the file with </html>. -->
+</html>
+
+<!-- Nothing should appear after this final tag. -->
+
+<!-- Inside (between the opening and closing tags <html></html>), we find: -->
+
+<!-- A header defined by <head> (it must be closed with </head>). -->
+<!-- The header contains some description and additional information which are not displayed; this is metadata. -->
+
+<head>
+ <title>My Site</title><!-- The tag <title> indicates to the browser the title to show in browser window's title bar and tab name. -->
+</head>
+
+<!-- After the <head> section, we find the tag - <body> -->
+<!-- Until this point, nothing described will show up in the browser window. -->
+<!-- We must fill the body with the content to be displayed. -->
+
+<body>
+ <h1>Hello, world!</h1> <!-- The h1 tag creates a title. -->
+ <!-- There are also subtitles to <h1> from the most important (h2) to the most precise (h6). -->
+ <a href = "http://codepen.io/anon/pen/xwjLbZ">Come look at what this shows</a> <!-- a hyperlink to the url given by the attribute href="" -->
+ <p>This is a paragraph.</p> <!-- The tag <p> lets us include text in the html page. -->
+ <p>This is another paragraph.</p>
+ <ul> <!-- The tag <ul> creates a bullet list. -->
+ <!-- To have a numbered list instead we would use <ol> giving 1. for the first element, 2. for the second, etc. -->
+ <li>This is an item in a non-enumerated list (bullet list)</li>
+ <li>This is another item</li>
+ <li>And this is the last item on the list</li>
+ </ul>
+</body>
+
+<!-- And that's it, creating an HTML file can be simple. -->
+
+<!-- But it is possible to add many additional types of HTML tags. -->
+
+<!-- To insert an image. -->
+<img src="http://i.imgur.com/XWG0O.gif"/> <!-- The source of the image is indicated using the attribute src="" -->
+<!-- The source can be an URL or even path to a file on your computer. -->
+
+<!-- It is also possible to create a table. -->
+
+<table> <!-- We open a <table> element. -->
+ <tr> <!-- <tr> allows us to create a row. -->
+ <th>First Header</th> <!-- <th> allows us to give a title to a table column. -->
+ <th>Second Header</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>first row, first column</td> <!-- <td> allows us to create a table cell. -->
+ <td>first row, second column</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>second row, first column</td>
+ <td>second row, second column</td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+
+```
+
+## Usage
+
+HTML is written in files ending with `.html`.
+
+## To Learn More
+
+* [wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML)
+* [HTML tutorial](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML)
+* [W3School](http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_intro.asp)