Merge branch 'master' into master

1 files changed, 233 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/montilang.html.markdown b/montilang.html.markdown
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cceb7aa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/montilang.html.markdown
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+---
+language: "montilang"
+filename: montilang.ml
+contributors:
+  - ["Leo Whitehead", "https://github.com/lduck11007"]
+---
+
+MontiLang is a Stack-Oriented concatenative imperative programming language. Its syntax
+is roughly based off of forth with similar style for doing arithmetic in [reverse polish notation.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_Polish_notation)
+
+A good way to start with MontiLang is to read the documentation and examples at [montilang.ml](http://montilang.ml),
+then download MontiLang or build from source code with the instructions provided.
+
+```
+/# Monti Reference sheet #/
+/#
+Comments are multiline
+Nested comments are not supported 
+#/
+/# Whitespace is all arbitrary, indentation is optional #/
+/# All programming in Monti is done by manipulating the parameter stack 
+arithmetic and stack operations in MontiLang are similar to FORTH
+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forth_(programming_language)
+#/
+
+/# in Monti, everything is either a string or a number. Operations treat all numbers
+similarly to floats, but anything without a remainder is treated as type int #/
+
+/# numbers and strings are added to the stack from left to right #/
+
+/# Arithmetic works by manipulating data on the stack #/
+
+5 3 + PRINT . /# 8 #/
+
+/#  5 and 3 are pushed onto the stack
+    '+' replaces top 2 items on stack with sum of top 2 items
+    'PRINT' prints out the top item on the stack
+    '.' pops the top item from the stack. 
+    #/
+
+6 7 * PRINT . /# 42 #/
+1360 23 - PRINT . /# 1337 #/
+12 12 / PRINT . /# 1 #/
+13 2 % PRINT . /# 1 #/
+
+37 NEG PRINT . /# -37 #/
+-12 ABS PRINT . /# 12 #/
+52 23 MAX PRINT . /# 52 #/
+52 23 MIN PRINT . /# 23 #/
+
+/# 'PSTACK' command prints the entire stack, 'CLEAR' clears the entire stack #/
+
+3 6 8 PSTACK CLEAR /# [3, 6, 8] #/
+
+/# Monti comes with some tools for stack manipulation #/
+
+2 DUP PSTACK CLEAR /# [2, 2] - Duplicate the top item on the stack#/
+2 6 SWAP PSTACK CLEAR /# [6, 2] - Swap top 2 items on stack #/
+1 2 3 ROT PSTACK CLEAR /# [2, 3, 1] - Rotate top 3 items on stack #/
+2 3 NIP PSTACK CLEAR /# [3] - delete second item from the top of the stack #/
+4 5 6 TRIM PSTACK CLEAR /# [5, 6] - Deletes first item on stack #/
+/# variables are assigned with the syntax 'VAR [name]'#/
+/# When assigned, the variable will take the value of the top item of the stack #/
+
+6 VAR six . /# assigns var 'six' to be equal to 6 #/
+3 6 + VAR a . /# assigns var 'a' to be equal to 9 #/
+
+/# the length of the stack can be calculated with the statement 'STKLEN' #/
+1 2 3 4 STKLEN PRINT CLEAR /# 4 #/
+
+/# strings are defined with | | #/
+
+|Hello World!| VAR world . /# sets variable 'world' equal to string 'Hello world! #/ 
+
+/# variables can be called by typing its name. when called, the value of the variable is pushed
+to the top of the stack #/
+world PRINT .
+
+/# with the OUT statement, the top item on the stack can be printed without a newline #/
+
+|world!| |Hello, | OUT SWAP PRINT CLEAR
+
+/# Data types can be converted between strings and integers with the commands 'TOINT' and 'TOSTR'#/
+|5| TOINT PSTACK . /# [5] #/
+45 TOSTR PSTACK . /# ['45'] #/
+
+/# User input is taken with INPUT and pushed to the stack. If the top item of the stack is a string, 
+the string is used as an input prompt #/
+
+|What is your name? | INPUT NIP 
+|Hello, | OUT SWAP PRINT CLEAR
+
+
+/# FOR loops have the syntax 'FOR [condition] [commands] ENDFOR' At the moment, [condition] can
+only have the value of an integer. Either by using an integer, or a variable call to an integer.
+[commands] will be interpereted the amount of time specified in [condition] #/
+/# E.G: this prints out 1 to 10 #/
+
+1 VAR a .
+FOR 10
+    a PRINT 1 + VAR a
+ENDFOR
+
+/# the syntax for while loops are similar. A number is evaluated as true if it is larger than
+0. a string is true if its length > 0. Infinite loops can be used by using literals.
+#/
+10 var loop .
+WHILE loop
+    loop print 
+    1 - var loop
+ENDWHILE
+/#
+this loop would count down from 10.
+
+IF statements are pretty much the same, but only are executed once.
+#/
+IF loop
+ loop PRINT .
+ENDIF
+
+/# This would only print 'loop' if it is larger than 0 #/
+
+/# If you would want to use the top item on the stack as loop parameters, this can be done with the ':' character #/
+
+/# eg, if you wanted to print 'hello' 7 times, instead of using #/
+
+FOR 7
+    |hello| PRINT .
+ENDFOR
+
+/# this could be used #/
+7
+FOR : 
+    |hello| PRINT .
+ENDFOR
+
+/# Equality and inequality statements use the top 2 items on the stack as parameters, and replace the top two items with the output #/
+/# If it is true, the top 2 items are replaced with '1'. If false, with '0'. #/
+
+7 3 > PRINT . /# 1 #/
+2 10 > PRINT . /# 0 #/
+5 9 <= PRINT . /# 1 #/
+5 5 == PRINT . /# 1 #/
+5 7 == PRINT . /# 0 #/
+3 8 != PRINT . /# 1 #/
+
+/# User defined commands have the syntax of 'DEF [name] [commands] ENDDEF'. #/
+/# eg, if you wanted to define a function with the name of 'printseven' to print '7' 10 times, this could be used #/
+
+DEF printseven
+    FOR 10
+       7 PRINT .
+    ENDFOR
+ENDDEF
+
+/# to run the defined statement, simply type it and it will be run by the interpereter #/
+
+printseven
+
+/# Montilang supports AND, OR and NOT statements #/
+
+1 0 AND PRINT . /# 0 #/
+1 1 AND PRINT . /# 1 #/
+1 0 OR PRINT . /# 1 #/
+0 0 OR PRINT . /# 0 #/
+1 NOT PRINT . /# 0 #/
+0 NOT PRINT . /# 1 #/
+
+/# Preprocessor statements are made inbetween '&' characters #/
+/# currently, preprocessor statements can be used to make c++-style constants #/
+
+&DEFINE LOOPSTR 20&
+/# must have & on either side with no spaces, 'DEFINE' is case sensative. #/
+/# All statements are scanned and replaced before the program is run, regardless of where the statements are placed #/
+
+FOR LOOPSTR 7 PRINT . ENDFOR /# Prints '7' 20 times. At run, 'LOOPSTR' in source code is replaced with '20' #/ 
+
+/# Multiple files can be used with the &INCLUDE <filename>& Command that operates similar to c++, where the file specified is tokenized,
+   and the &INCLUDE statement is replaced with the file #/
+   
+/# E.G, you can have a program be run through several files. If you had the file 'name.mt' with the following data:
+
+[name.mt]
+|Hello, | OUT . name PRINT .
+
+a program that asks for your name and then prints it out can be defined as such: #/
+
+|What is your name? | INPUT VAR name . &INCLUDE name.mt&
+
+/# ARRAYS: #/
+
+/# arrays are defined with the statement 'ARR'
+When called, everything currently in the stack is put into one
+array and all items on the stack are replaced with the new array. #/
+
+2 3 4 ARR PSTACK . /# [[2, 3, 4]] #/
+
+/# the statement 'LEN' adds the length of the last item on the stack to the stack.
+This can be used on arrays, as well as strings. #/
+
+3 4 5 ARR LEN PRINT . /# 3 #/
+
+/# values can be appended to an array with the statement 'APPEND' #/
+
+1 2 3 ARR 5 APPEND . PRINT . /# [1, 2, 3, 5] #/
+
+/# an array at the top of the stack can be wiped with the statement 'WIPE' #/
+3 4 5 ARR WIPE PRINT . /# [] #/
+
+/# The last item of an array can be removed with the statement 'DROP' #/
+
+3 4 5 ARR DROP PRINT . /# [3, 4]
+/# arrays, like other datatypes can be stored in variables #/
+5 6 7 ARR VAR list .
+list PRINT . /# [5, 6, 7] #/
+
+/# Values at specific indexes can be changed with the statement 'INSERT <index>' #/
+4 5 6 ARR 
+97 INSERT 1 . PRINT /# 4, 97, 6 #/
+
+/# Values at specific indexes can be deleted with the statement 'DEL <index>' #/
+1 2 3 ARR
+DEL 1 PRINT . /# [1, 3] #/
+
+/# items at certain indexes of an array can be gotten with the statement 'GET <index>' #/
+
+1 2 3 ARR GET 2 PSTACK /# [[1, 2, 3], 3] #/
+```
+
+## Extra information
+
+- [MontiLang.ml](http://montilang.ml/)
+- [Github Page](https://github.com/lduck11007/MontiLang)