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authorkedaio <alancheng618@hotmail.com>2016-06-07 03:38:55 -0400
committerkedaio <alancheng618@hotmail.com>2016-06-07 03:38:55 -0400
commitc4077317b378547902e88d5a9dab4ee1f5417a99 (patch)
tree8ba3b69b086c0b3d3566d8f7536a14d1f03e72f7 /zh-cn
parent8b2eff3f0bf3622faeb2e0346a22470a7131bed2 (diff)
Update zfs-cn.html.markdown
completed translation
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1 files changed, 96 insertions, 98 deletions
diff --git a/zh-cn/zfs-cn.html.markdown b/zh-cn/zfs-cn.html.markdown
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--- a/zh-cn/zfs-cn.html.markdown
+++ b/zh-cn/zfs-cn.html.markdown
@@ -16,59 +16,57 @@ ZFS有一些特有的术语,这把它和传统的存储系统区分开来。
## ZFS概念
-### 虚拟设备(Virtual Devices)
+### 虚拟设备(Virtual Devices,VDEV)
-A VDEV is similar to a raid device presented by a RAID card, there are several different
-types of VDEV's that offer various advantages, including redundancy and speed. In general
-VDEV's offer better reliability and safety than a RAID card. It is discouraged to use a
-RAID setup with ZFS, as ZFS expects to directly manage the underlying disks.
+对于操作系统来说,VDEA和传统的RAID阵列卡所呈现的rai设备类似。VDEV有几种不同的类型,每种类型
+都有自己的优势,包括冗余和速度。一般来说,VDEV的可靠性和安全性比阵列卡要好。因此使用ZFS时不
+建议使用阵列卡。让ZFS直接管理磁盘。
-Types of VDEV's
-* stripe (a single disk, no redundancy)
-* mirror (n-way mirrors supported)
+VDEV的类型
+* stripe (条带。单个磁盘,没有冗余)
+* mirror (镜像。支持n-wa镜像)
* raidz
- * raidz1 (1-disk parity, similar to RAID 5)
- * raidz2 (2-disk parity, similar to RAID 6)
- * raidz3 (3-disk parity, no RAID analog)
-* disk
-* file (not recommended for production due to another filesystem adding unnecessary layering)
+ * raidz1 (一个奇偶校验磁盘, 类似于RAID 5)
+ * raidz2 (两个奇偶校验磁盘, 类似于RAID 6)
+ * raidz3 (三个奇偶校验磁盘, 没有类似RAID等级)
+* disk (磁盘)
+* file (文件。不推荐在生产环境中使用,因为中间又多了一层不必要的文件系统)
-Your data is striped across all the VDEV's present in your Storage Pool, so more VDEV's will
-increase your IOPS.
+数据会以条带方式存储于存储池中的所有VDE上。因此一个存储池中的VDEV越多,IOPS就越高。
-### Storage Pools
+### storage pool (存储池)
-ZFS uses Storage Pools as an abstraction over the lower level storage provider (VDEV), allow
-you to separate the user visible file system from the physical layout.
+ZFS 使用存储池来作为底层存储提供者(VDEV)的抽象。这样可以把用户可见的文件系统和底层的物理磁盘
+布局分离开来。
-### ZFS Dataset
+### ZFS 数据集(Dataset)
-ZFS datasets are analogous to traditional filesystems but with many more features. They
-provide many of ZFS's advantages. Datasets support [Copy on Write](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copy-on-write)
-snapshots, quota's, compression and de-duplication.
+ZFS 数据集类似于传统的文件系统(译者注:或者说是目录),但是提供了更多的功能。ZFS的很多优势也是
+在这一层体现出来的。数据集支持 [Copy on Write](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copy-on-write)
+快照, 配额, 压缩和重复消除(de-duplication).
-### Limits
+### 限制
-One directory may contain up to 2^48 files, up to 16 exabytes each. A single storage pool
-can contain up to 256 zettabytes (2^78) of space, and can be striped across 2^64 devices. A
-single host can have 2^64 storage pools. The limits are huge.
+一个目录最多可包含 2^48个文件, 每个文件最大可以是16 exabytes. 一个存储池最大可包含256 zettabytes 、
+(2^78) 的空间, 可以条带化地分布于2^64 设备上. 单一主机最多可以创建2^64个存储池。这些限制可以说是相
+当大。
-## Commands
+## 命令
-### Storage Pools
+### 存储池
-Actions:
-* List
-* Status
-* Destroy
-* Get/Set properties
+Actions: (存储池操作)
+* List (列举)
+* Status (查看状态)
+* Destroy (删除)
+* Get/Set properties (获取/设置属性)
-List zpools
+List zpools (列举存储池(也叫zpool))
```bash
-# Create a raidz zpool
+# Create a raidz zpool (创建一个raidz类型的存储池)
$ zpool create bucket raidz1 gpt/zfs0 gpt/zfs1 gpt/zfs2
# List ZPools
@@ -76,17 +74,17 @@ $ zpool list
NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE EXPANDSZ FRAG CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT
zroot 141G 106G 35.2G - 43% 75% 1.00x ONLINE -
-# List detailed information about a specific zpool
+# List detailed information about a specific zpool (列出某一存储池的详细信息)
$ zpool list -v zroot
NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE EXPANDSZ FRAG CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT
zroot 141G 106G 35.2G - 43% 75% 1.00x ONLINE -
gptid/c92a5ccf-a5bb-11e4-a77d-001b2172c655 141G 106G 35.2G - 43% 75%
```
-Status of zpools
+Status of zpools (存储池状态)
```bash
-# Get status information about zpools
+# Get status information about zpools (获取全部zpool信息)
$ zpool status
pool: zroot
state: ONLINE
@@ -99,7 +97,7 @@ config:
errors: No known data errors
-# Scrubbing a zpool to correct any errors
+# Scrubbing a zpool to correct any errors (用scrub来更正存储池错误信息)
$ zpool scrub zroot
$ zpool status -v zroot
pool: zroot
@@ -116,11 +114,12 @@ config:
errors: No known data errors
```
-Properties of zpools
+Properties of zpools (存储池属性)
```bash
# Getting properties from the pool properties can be user set or system provided.
+# (获取zroot存储池的全部属性)
$ zpool get all zroot
NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE
zroot size 141G -
@@ -129,7 +128,7 @@ zroot altroot - default
zroot health ONLINE -
...
-# Setting a zpool property
+# Setting a zpool property (设置存储池属性,下例蛇这的是commen备注属性)
$ zpool set comment="Storage of mah stuff" zroot
$ zpool get comment
NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE
@@ -137,48 +136,48 @@ tank comment - default
zroot comment Storage of mah stuff local
```
-Remove zpool
+Remove zpool (删除存储池)
```bash
$ zpool destroy test
```
-### Datasets
+### Datasets (数据集)
-Actions:
-* Create
-* List
-* Rename
-* Delete
-* Get/Set properties
+Actions: (数据集相关操作)
+* Create (创建)
+* List (列举)
+* Rename (重命名)
+* Delete (删除)
+* Get/Set properties (获取/设置属性)
Create datasets
```bash
-# Create dataset
+# Create dataset (创建数据集)
$ zfs create tank/root/data
$ mount | grep data
tank/root/data on /data (zfs, local, nfsv4acls)
-# Create child dataset
+# Create child dataset (创建子数据集)
$ zfs create tank/root/data/stuff
$ mount | grep data
tank/root/data on /data (zfs, local, nfsv4acls)
tank/root/data/stuff on /data/stuff (zfs, local, nfsv4acls)
-# Create Volume
+# Create Volume (创建卷)
$ zfs create -V zroot/win_vm
$ zfs list zroot/win_vm
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
tank/win_vm 4.13G 17.9G 64K -
```
-List datasets
+List datasets (列举数据集)
```bash
-# List all datasets
+# List all datasets (列举所有数据集)
$ zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
zroot 106G 30.8G 144K none
@@ -189,12 +188,12 @@ zroot/backup 5.23G
zroot/home 288K 30.8G 144K none
...
-# List a specific dataset
+# List a specific dataset (列举某一数据集)
$ zfs list zroot/home
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
zroot/home 288K 30.8G 144K none
-# List snapshots
+# List snapshots (列举快照)
$ zfs list -t snapshot
zroot@daily-2015-10-15 0 - 144K -
zroot/ROOT@daily-2015-10-15 0 - 144K -
@@ -207,24 +206,24 @@ zroot/var/log@daily-2015-10-15
zroot/var/tmp@daily-2015-10-15 0 - 152K -
```
-Rename datasets
+Rename datasets (重命名数据集)
```bash
$ zfs rename tank/root/home tank/root/old_home
$ zfs rename tank/root/new_home tank/root/home
```
-Delete dataset
+Delete dataset (删除数据集)
```bash
-# Datasets cannot be deleted if they have any snapshots
+# Datasets cannot be deleted if they have any snapshots (数据集如果有快照则无法删除)
zfs destroy tank/root/home
```
-Get / set properties of a dataset
+Get / set properties of a dataset (获取/设置数据集属性)
```bash
-# Get all properties
+# Get all properties (获取全部属性)
$ zfs get all zroot/usr/home │157 # Create Volume
NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE │158 $ zfs create -V zroot/win_vm
zroot/home type filesystem - │159 $ zfs list zroot/win_vm
@@ -235,15 +234,15 @@ zroot/home referenced 11.9G -
zroot/home mounted yes -
...
-# Get property from dataset
+# Get property from dataset (获取数据集属性)
$ zfs get compression zroot/usr/home
NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE
zroot/home compression off default
-# Set property on dataset
+# Set property on dataset (设置压缩属性compressio)
$ zfs set compression=gzip-9 mypool/lamb
-# Get a set of properties from all datasets
+# Get a set of properties from all datasets (列举所有数据集的名称,配额和预留属性)
$ zfs list -o name,quota,reservation
NAME QUOTA RESERV
zroot none none
@@ -257,31 +256,31 @@ zroot/var none none
```
-### Snapshots
+### Snapshots (快照)
-ZFS snapshots are one of the things about zfs that are a really big deal
+快照是ZFS 的一个非常重要的功能
-* The space they take up is equal to the difference in data between the filesystem and its snapshot
-* Creation time is only seconds
-* Recovery is as fast as you can write data.
-* They are easy to automate.
+* 快照占用的空间等于它和原始数据的差异量
+* 创建时间以秒计
+* 恢复时间和写入速度相同
+* 易于自动化
-Actions:
-* Create
-* Delete
-* Rename
-* Access snapshots
-* Send / Receive
-* Clone
+Actions: (快照相关操作)
+* Create (创建)
+* Delete (删除)
+* Rename (重命名)
+* Access snapshots (访问)
+* Send / Receive (发送/接收)
+* Clone (克隆)
-Create snapshots
+Create snapshots (创建快照)
```bash
-# Create a snapshot of a single dataset
+# Create a snapshot of a single dataset (为单一数据集创建快照)
zfs snapshot tank/home/sarlalian@now
-# Create a snapshot of a dataset and its children
+# Create a snapshot of a dataset and its children (为数据集及其子集创建快照)
$ zfs snapshot -r tank/home@now
$ zfs list -t snapshot
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
@@ -291,65 +290,64 @@ tank/home/alice@now 0 - 156M -
tank/home/bob@now 0 - 156M -
...
-Destroy snapshots
+Destroy snapshots (删除快照)
```bash
-# How to destroy a snapshot
+# How to destroy a snapshot (如何删除)
$ zfs destroy tank/home/sarlalian@now
-# Delete a snapshot on a parent dataset and its children
+# Delete a snapshot on a parent dataset and its children (删除某一数据集及其子集的快照)
$ zfs destroy -r tank/home/sarlalian@now
```
-Renaming Snapshots
+Renaming Snapshots (重命名)
```bash
-# Rename a snapshot
+# Rename a snapshot (重命名快照,示例)
$ zfs rename tank/home/sarlalian@now tank/home/sarlalian@today
$ zfs rename tank/home/sarlalian@now today
# zfs rename -r tank/home@now @yesterday
```
-Accessing snapshots
+Accessing snapshots (访问快照)
```bash
-# CD Into a snapshot directory
+# CD Into a snapshot directory (cd进入一个快照目录)
$ cd /home/.zfs/snapshot/
```
Sending and Receiving
```bash
-# Backup a snapshot to a file
+# Backup a snapshot to a file (备份快照到一个文件)
$ zfs send tank/home/sarlalian@now | gzip > backup_file.gz
-# Send a snapshot to another dataset
+# Send a snapshot to another dataset (发送快照到另一个数据集)
$ zfs send tank/home/sarlalian@now | zfs recv backups/home/sarlalian
-# Send a snapshot to a remote host
+# Send a snapshot to a remote host (发送快照到一个远程主机)
$ zfs send tank/home/sarlalian@now | ssh root@backup_server 'zfs recv tank/home/sarlalian'
-# Send full dataset with snapshos to new host
+# Send full dataset with snapshos to new host (发送数据集及其快照到一个新主机)
$ zfs send -v -R tank/home@now | ssh root@backup_server 'zfs recv tank/home'
```
-Cloneing Snapshots
+Cloneing Snapshots (克隆快照)
```bash
# Clone a snapshot
$ zfs clone tank/home/sarlalian@now tank/home/sarlalian_new
-# Promoting the clone so it is no longer dependent on the snapshot
+# Promoting the clone so it is no longer dependent on the snapshot(提升克隆,让它不再依赖原始数据)
$ zfs promote tank/home/sarlalian_new
```
-### Putting it all together
+### Putting it all together (汇总)
-This following a script utilizing FreeBSD, jails and ZFS to automate
-provisioning a clean copy of a mysql staging database from a live replication
-slave.
+下面这个脚本使用了FreeBSD, jails和ZFS,来自动在一个mysql群集的热备主机上为一个mysq staging数据库
+创建一份纯净的拷贝。
```bash
#!/bin/sh
@@ -390,7 +388,7 @@ echo "RESET SLAVE;" | /usr/local/bin/mysql -u root -pmyrootpassword -h staging
```
-### Additional Reading
+### Additional Reading (延伸阅读)
* [BSDNow's Crash Course on ZFS](http://www.bsdnow.tv/tutorials/zfs)
* [FreeBSD Handbook on ZFS](https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/zfs.html)