diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'scala.html.markdown')
| -rw-r--r-- | scala.html.markdown | 35 |
1 files changed, 27 insertions, 8 deletions
diff --git a/scala.html.markdown b/scala.html.markdown index 192e03d7..745605ed 100644 --- a/scala.html.markdown +++ b/scala.html.markdown @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ println(10) // Printing, without forcing a new line on next print print("Hello world") print(10) -// Hello world!10 +// Hello world10 // Declaring values is done using either var or val. // val declarations are immutable, whereas vars are mutable. Immutability is @@ -169,6 +169,12 @@ def sumOfSquaresShort(x: Int, y: Int): Int = x * x + y * y // Syntax for calling functions is familiar: sumOfSquares(3, 4) // => 25 +// You can use parameters names to specify them in different order +def subtract(x: Int, y: Int): Int = x - y + +subtract(10, 3) // => 7 +subtract(y=10, x=3) // => -7 + // In most cases (with recursive functions the most notable exception), function // return type can be omitted, and the same type inference we saw with variables // will work with function return values: @@ -231,7 +237,7 @@ r foreach println (5 to 1 by -1) foreach (println) -// A while loops +// A while loop var i = 0 while (i < 10) { println("i " + i); i += 1 } @@ -239,17 +245,18 @@ while (i < 10) { println("i " + i); i += 1 } // Yes, again. What happened? Why i // Show the value of i. Note that while is a loop in the classical sense - // it executes sequentially while changing the loop variable. while is very - // fast, faster that Java loops, but using the combinators and - // comprehensions above is easier to understand and parallelize + // fast, but using the combinators and comprehensions above is easier + // to understand and parallelize -// A do while loop +// A do-while loop i = 0 do { println("i is still less than 10") i += 1 } while (i < 10) -// Tail recursion is an idiomatic way of doing recurring things in Scala. +// Recursion is the idiomatic way of repeating an action in Scala (as in most +// other functional languages). // Recursive functions need an explicit return type, the compiler can't infer it. // Here it's Unit. def showNumbersInRange(a: Int, b: Int): Unit = { @@ -267,7 +274,7 @@ val x = 10 if (x == 1) println("yeah") if (x == 10) println("yeah") if (x == 11) println("yeah") -if (x == 11) println ("yeah") else println("nay") +if (x == 11) println("yeah") else println("nay") println(if (x == 10) "yeah" else "nope") val text = if (x == 10) "yeah" else "nope" @@ -321,9 +328,15 @@ divideInts(10, 3) // (Int, Int) = (3,1) val d = divideInts(10, 3) // (Int, Int) = (3,1) d._1 // Int = 3 - d._2 // Int = 1 +// Alternatively you can do multiple-variable assignment to tuple, which is more +// convenient and readable in many cases +val (div, mod) = divideInts(10, 3) + +div // Int = 3 +mod // Int = 1 + ///////////////////////////////////////////////// // 5. Object Oriented Programming @@ -454,6 +467,9 @@ def matchEverything(obj: Any): String = obj match { // You can nest patterns: case List(List((1, 2, "YAY"))) => "Got a list of list of tuple" + + // Match any case (default) if all previous haven't matched + case _ => "Got unknown object" } // In fact, you can pattern match any object with an "unapply" method. This @@ -606,6 +622,9 @@ import scala.collection.immutable.{List => ImmutableList} // Import all classes, except some. The following excludes Map and Set: import scala.collection.immutable.{Map => _, Set => _, _} +// Java classes can also be imported. Scala syntax can be used +import java.swing.{JFrame, JWindow} + // Your programs entry point is defined in an scala file using an object, with a // single method, main: object Application { |